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Associations Between Household Socioeconomic Status, Car Ownership, Physical Activity, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in South African Primary Schoolchildren Living in Marginalized Communities

Markus Gerber, Christin Lang, Johanna Beckmann, Jan Degen, Rosa du Randt, Stefanie Gall, Kurt Z. Long, Ivan Müller, Madeleine Nienaber, Peter Steinmann, Uwe Pühse, Jürg Utzinger, Siphesihle Nqweniso, and Cheryl Walter

that youngsters with higher SES had better cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) than peers from lower SES families. 31 More specifically, the odds of poor CRF were 1.4 and 1.6 times higher among children with low and moderate SES, as compared with peers with high SES, respectively. Again, research with

Open access

Comparison of High-Intensity Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Fat Percentage in Persons With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Nivash Rugbeer, Demitri Constantinou, and Georgia Torres

-intensity activity (85%–95% of peak heart rate) lasting for a few seconds or minutes interspersed with rest periods or low-intensity exercise (≤40% of peak heart rate). 9 , 10 This type of high-intensity training has a positive effect on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), body composition, 11 , 12 central adiposity

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Does Higher Self-Reported Cardiorespiratory Fitness Reduce the Odds of Hospitalization From COVID-19?

Jason P. Brandenburg, Iris A. Lesser, Cynthia J. Thomson, and Luisa V. Giles

-Foncea H , Francaux M , Deldicque L , Hawley JA . Does high cardiorespiratory fitness confer some protection against proinflammatory responses after infection by SARS-CoV-2? Obesity . 2020 ; 28 ( 8 ): 1378 – 1381 . PubMed ID: 32324968 doi:10.1002/oby.22849 10.1002/oby.22849 32324968 17. Sallis

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Erratum. Comparison of High-Intensity Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Fat Percentage in Persons With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Journal of Physical Activity and Health

TO OUR READERS: An error appeared in the following article: Rugbeer N, Constantinou D, Torres G. Comparison of high-intensity training versus moderate-intensity continuous training on cardiorespiratory fitness and body fat percentage in persons with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and

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Associations Between Substitution of Sedentary Behavior Patterns With Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adolescents: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study

Leonardo Alex Volpato, Vinícius Muller Reis Weber, Wendell Arthur Lopes, Jeffer Eidi Sasaki, Catiana Leila Possamai Romanzini, Enio Ricardo Vaz Ronque, and Marcelo Romanzini

recommendations on the substitution of SB and its patterns. Previous studies investigating time substitutions have suggested that substitution of SB with moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with reduced adiposity indicators and increased cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels in

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Results From the United States of America’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth

Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Kara D. Denstel, Kim Beals, Christopher Bolling, Carly Wright, Scott E. Crouter, Thomas L. McKenzie, Russell R. Pate, Brian E. Saelens, Amanda E. Staiano, Heidi I. Stanish, and Susan B. Sisson

Background:

The 2016 United States (U.S.) Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth provides a comprehensive evaluation of physical activity levels and factors influencing physical activity among children and youth.

Methods:

The report card includes 10 indicators: Overall Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Active Transportation, Organized Sport Participation, Active Play, Health-related Fitness, Family and Peers, School, Community and the Built Environment, and Government Strategies and Investments. Nationally representative data were used to evaluate the indicators using a standard grading rubric.

Results:

Sufficient data were available to assign grades to 7 of the indicators, and these ranged from B- for Community and the Built Environment to F for Active Transportation. Overall Physical Activity received a grade of D- due to the low prevalence of meeting physical activity guidelines. A grade of D was assigned to Health-related Fitness, reflecting the low prevalence of meeting cardiorespiratory fitness standards. Disparities across age, gender, racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups were observed for several indicators.

Conclusions:

Continued poor grades suggest that additional work is required to provide opportunities for U.S. children to be physically active. The observed disparities indicate that special attention should be given to girls, minorities, and those from lower socioeconomic groups when implementing intervention strategies.

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Results from Colombia’s 2014 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth

Silvia A. González, Olga L. Sarmiento, Daniel D. Cohen, Diana M. Camargo, Jorge E. Correa, Diana C. Páez, and Robinson Ramírez-Vélez

Background:

Physical activity (PA) is central to the global agenda for the prevention on noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Although 80% of NCDs occur in low-to-middle-income countries, the evidence on PA comes mainly from high-income countries. In this context, the report card for Colombia is an advocacy tool to help in the translation of evidence into concrete actions. The aims of this paper were two-fold: to present the methodology used to develop the first Report Card on Physical Activity in Colombian Children and Youth and to summarize the results.

Methods:

Twelve indicators of PA were graded using numerical grades (5, highest, to 1, lowest) based on data from national surveys and policy documents.

Results:

National policy and obesity indicators were graded “4,” while departmental policy and overweight indicators were graded “3.” Overall PA levels, sports participation, sedentary behaviors and nongovernment initiatives were graded “2,” and school influence was graded “1.” Active transportation, active play, low cardiorespiratory fitness, and family and community influence received an incomplete.

Conclusion:

PA levels are low and sedentary behaviors are high in Colombian children and youth. Although the prevalence of obesity in Colombia is lower compared with other Latin American countries, it is increasing. A rich legal framework and availability of institutional arrangements provide unique opportunities to bridge the gap between knowledge and practice that need to be evaluated.

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A Prospective Cohort Study of Muscular and Performance Fitness and Incident Glaucoma: The Niigata Wellness Study

Ryoko Kawakami, Yuko Gando, Kiminori Kato, Susumu S. Sawada, Haruki Momma, Motohiko Miyachi, I-Min Lee, Steven N. Blair, Minoru Tashiro, Chika Horikawa, Yasuhiro Matsubayashi, Takaho Yamada, Kazuya Fujihara, and Hirohito Sone

. Previous prospective cohort studies have demonstrated that high cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with a lower risk of developing glaucoma. 3 , 6 Although cardiorespiratory fitness is an element of physical fitness that is reportedly associated with various health outcomes, 7 physical fitness also

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Physical Activity Accumulated Across Adulthood and Resting Heart Rate at Age 41–46 Years in Women: Findings From the Menarche to Premenopause Study

Gregore I. Mielke, Jenny Doust, Hsiu-Wen Chan, and Gita D. Mishra

insights into the pathway to prevent cardiovascular risk in young- to mid-age adults. Physical activity is an important modifiable factor associated with reduced risks of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality as well as a reduction in health care costs. 6 , 7 Improved cardiorespiratory fitness

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Prospective Association of Occupational and Leisure-Time Physical Activity With Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Early Adulthood: Findings From Pelotas (Brazil) 1982 Birth Cohort

Charles Phillipe de Lucena Alves, Inácio Crochemore-Silva, Natália P. Lima, Pieter Coenen, and Bernardo Lessa Horta

socioeconomic position with low job resources, low cardiorespiratory fitness, and pre-existing CVD. 20 The literature suggests that although LTPA often includes dynamic movements at conditioning intensity levels, sufficient to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, 22 – 24 OPA often requires static loading, heavy