Clinical scenarios have risen where females with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1-DM), whose demographics are similar to their male counterparts, have sustained bone injuries, whereas the males with T1-DM have not. These scenarios bring into question the effect of T1-DM on various aspects of bone health and injury risk in females. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of T1-DM in females on their fracture risk, glycemic control abilities, and bone mineral density when compared to their male counterparts. Results were consistent across all studies, indicating that individuals with T1-DM had poor glycemic control abilities during ages within peak bone accrual, had significantly lower bone mineral density, and had a greater fracture incidence. Given these results, there is a need for future education to emphasize the importance of glycemic management, future research to investigate differences in physically active populations, and for clinicians to recognize their at-risk patients and take the necessary measures to prevent injury.
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Fractures, Glycemic Control, and Bone Mineral Density in Females With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Critically Appraised Topic
Antoinette Lee, Nancy A. Uriegas, Morgan G. Adams, and Amy F. Hand
Effect of Mindful Sport Performance Enhancement in College Athletes for Reducing Sports-Caused Anxiety and Improving Self-Awareness: A Critically Appraised Topic
Shivam Garg, Nancy A. Uriegas, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Morgan Adams, and Amy L. Fraley
Mindful Sport Performance Enhancement (MSPE) training is a relatively new concept, which focuses on helping athletes manage a variety of stressors experienced throughout a season, including performing well academically, staying fit, having a productive season in their sport, and maintaining a healthy social life. A need for a critical appraisal is needed to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. Two cohort studies and one randomized control trial were included in the study and assessed using STROBE and PEDro Scale. Key results show, all 3 studies identified participants experiencing benefits after MSPE with aspects of awareness, acceptance, and emotion regulation. Furthermore, student-athletes who attended either all the sessions or more sessions after the 6-week course showed greater satisfaction with mental and physical health. Overall, there is level “B” evidence to support effectiveness of MSPE for college athletes in reducing sport anxiety and improving their overall well-being.
Neighborhood Environment and Physical Activity Among Older Women: Findings From the San Diego Cohort of the Women’s Health Initiative
Jacqueline Kerr, Greg Norman, Rachel Millstein, Marc A. Adams, Cindy Morgan, Robert D. Langer, and Matthew Allison
Background:
Few studies of older adults have compared environmental correlates of walking and physical activity in women who may be more influenced by the environment. Environmental measures at different spatial levels have seldom been compared. Findings from previous studies are generally inconsistent.
Methods:
This study investigated the relationship between the built environment and physical activity in older women from the Women’s Health Initiative cohort in San Diego County (N = 5401). Built environment measures were created for 3 buffers around participants’ residential address. Linear regression analyses investigated the relationship between the built environment features and self-reported physical activity and walking.
Results:
Total walking was significantly positively associated with the walkability index (β = .050: half-mile buffer), recreation facility density (β = .036: 1-mile buffer), and distance to the coast (β = –.064; P-values < .05). Total physical activity was significantly negatively associated with distance to the coast and positively with recreation facility density (β = .036: 1-mile buffer; P < .05).
Conclusions:
Although effect sizes were small, we did find important relationships between walkability and walking in older adults, which supports recommendations for community design features to include age friendly elements. More intense physical activity may occur in recreational settings than neighborhood streets.
