effective leadership. These models make a significant contribution to sport leadership literature, but given the numerous ethical quandaries in amateur and professional sports (e.g., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill academic scandal, steroid use in Major League Baseball, Olympic blood doping
Jacqueline McDowell, Yung-Kuei Huang and Arran Caza
Jeffrey Martin
), golf clubs ( Zuckerman, 2001 ), cardiac rehabilitation centers ( Taylor, 1991 ), Olympic training centers ( Murphy, 1996 ), sports medicine clinics ( Petitpas, 1998 ), professional sports organizations ( Dunlap, 1999 ; Gardner, 2001 ), health and wellness settings ( Smith et al., 2002 ), or other
Rebecca M. Achen, John Kaczorowski, Trisha Horsmann and Alanda Ketzler
.1016/j.smr.2014.11.001 Funk , D.C. , & Pastore , D.L. ( 2000 ). Equating attitudes to allegiance: The usefulness of selected attitudinal information in segmenting loyalty to professional sports teams . Sport Marketing Quarterly, 9 , 175 – 184 . Garson , G.D. ( 2013 ). Hierarchical linear
Samuel Ryan, Emidio Pacecca, Jye Tebble, Joel Hocking, Thomas Kempton and Aaron J. Coutts
the CV or TE established via test–retest reliability. Mean, SD, and 90% confidence intervals were also calculated. 12 SNRs were assessed as “poor” if <1.0, “acceptable” if 1.0 to 1.5, and “good” if >1.5, adapted from research in other professional sports. 22 , 29 Results Test–retest reliability
Paula B. Debien, Marcelly Mancini, Danilo R. Coimbra, Daniel G.S. de Freitas, Renato Miranda and Maurício G. Bara Filho
jump tests were performed before the training sessions, it is possible that the training load of the day before could have influenced the jump performance. 37 This highlights the difficulties in assessing and intervening in the training routine of professional sports teams and explains the few
Jahan Heidari, Jürgen Beckmann, Maurizio Bertollo, Michel Brink, K. Wolfgang Kallus, Claudio Robazza and Michael Kellmann
gaining importance and popularity in elite and professional sports. It should be noted that recovery–stress monitoring needs to be conducted on a multidimensional, psychophysiological level to register subtle performance-related changes at the right time so that person- and situation
Kevin S. Spink and Kayla Fesser
Social Psychology, 51 , 629 – 636 . doi:10.1037/h0046408 10.1037/h0046408 Fransen , K. , Haslam , S.A. , Mallett , C.J. , Steffends , N.K. , Peters , K. , & Boen , F. ( 2017 ). Is perceived athlete leadership quality related to team effectiveness? A comparison of three professional sports
Nadège Levallet, Norm O’Reilly, Elizabeth Wanless, Michael Naraine, Ethan Alkon and Wade Longmire
creatively justify the expense to get university approval, especially in public universities ( Smith, 2017a ). Unlike professional sports teams, which function as for-profit businesses with owners providing significant resources, a college athletic department is a non-profit enterprise. Very few athletic
Jason Reese
elasticity in professional sports . Journal of Sports Economics, 8 , 183 – 191 . doi: 10.1177/1527002505275093 10.1177/1527002505275093 Moe , W. , & Fader , P.S. ( 2009 ). The role of price tiers in advance purchasing of event tickets . Journal of Service Research, 12 , 73 – 86 . doi: 10
Andrzej Gawrecki, Aleksandra Araszkiewicz, Agnieszka Szadkowska, Grzegorz Biegański, Jan Konarski, Katarzyna Domaszewska, Arkadiusz Michalak, Bogda Skowrońska, Anna Adamska, Dariusz Naskręt, Przemysława Jarosz-Chobot, Agnieszka Szypowska, Tomasz Klupa and Dorota Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz
made physical activity common among people with diabetes. Moreover, besides engaging in recreational exercise, patients with T1DM often pursue professional sports, including extreme sports that provoke maximal effort ( 13 ). During sport, diabetologists aim to maintain optimal blood glucose levels in
