Lindsey Eberman, Leamor Kahanov, Thurman V. Alvey III and Mitch Wasik
Edited by Malissa Martin
Michael F. Bergeron
In contrast to muscle cramps that are brought on by muscle overload or fatigue, exertional heat cramps seem to be prompted by extensive sweating and a significant sweat-induced whole-body sodium deficit. As a result of a consequent contracted interstitial compartment, axon terminals of selected motor neurons can become hyper-excitable and spontaneously discharge. Barely detectable muscle fasciculations or “twitches” in the affected muscles can rapidly progress to debilitating muscle cramps in just 20 to 30 minutes. To aid recovery, salt (NaCl) and water lost from sweating should be sufficiently replaced so as to restore the extracellular volume and interstitial fluid spaces. Sweat sodium, chloride, and fluid losses incurred during training and competition need to be closely matched by daily salt and fluid intake, in order to prevent an excessive sodium deficit, maintain sufficient fluid balance, and avoid exertional heat cramps.
Katie Walsh and Morgan L. Cooper
Jeffrey K. Kawaguchi and Robin K. Pickering
Edited by Mary Barnum
Laura A. Hayden and Meghan Lynch
Edited by Adam Naylor
Edited by Douglas J. Casa
Cailee E. Welch Bacon, Gary W. Cohen, Melissa C. Kay, Dayna K. Tierney and Tamara C. Valovich McLeod
evaluation to full participation clearance/return-to-play. 6. Please explain the baseline concussion assessment testing processes at your secondary school. 7. Please explain the postconcussion assessment testing processes at your secondary school. 8. Please discuss your level of satisfaction with the
Corey P. Ochs, Melissa C. Kay and Johna K. Register-Mihalik
exposures in football 1 to 1.55/1000 athlete exposures in ice hockey. 2 Professional sports leagues, such as the National Football League (NFL) and National Hockey League (NHL), have instituted policies to assess and manage concussions, including return to play; however, little is known about the
Steven Eustace, Richard Michael Page and Matt Greig
Key Points ▸ Angle-specific isokinetic strength assessments should be conducted at varying angular velocities at the point of return to play. ▸ Isokinetic assessments should consider an angle-specific function strength ratio at the point of return to play. ▸ The slope of the force-velocity curve is
Kelly L. Holzberger, Kim Keeley and Martin Donahue
management of athletic patients suspected of having this condition. A clear example of the appropriate recognition, referral, diagnosis, treatment, and return to play of an athlete with SVT serves to provide athletic trainers with the knowledge they need to function as part of the interprofessional
