The goal of this study was to develop a nondestructive radial compression technique and to investigate the viscoelastic behavior of the rat tail disc under repeated radial compression. Rat tail intervertebral disc underwent radial compression relaxation testing and creep testing using a custom-made gravitational creep machine. The axisymmetric viscoelasticity and time-dependent recovery were determined. Different levels of hydration (with or without normal saline spray) were supplied to evaluate the effect of changes in viscoelastic properties. Viscoelasticity was found to be axisymmetric in rat-tail intervertebral discs at four equidistant locations. Complete relaxation recovery was found to take 20 min, whereas creep recovery required 25 min. Hydration was required for obtaining viscoelastic axisymmetry and complete viscoelastic recovery.
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Leou-Chyr Lin, Thomas P. Hedman, Shyu-Jye Wang, Michael Huoh and Shih-Youeng Chuang
Richelle M. Williams, R. Curtis Bay and Tamara C. Valovich McLeod
effective concussion management rely on self-reported symptoms; therefore monitoring and tracking symptoms from the time of injury and throughout recovery is critical. While every concussion presents differently and each patient’s response varies based on a myriad of personal and injury-related factors
Ann M. Quinn and Barry J. Fallon
Objective:
To explore predictors of recovery time.
Design:
Repeated measures on 4 occasions throughout recovery included injury appraisal, demographics, emotional responses, and psychological variables.
Participants:
Elite injured athletes (N = 136).
Main Outcome Measure:
Recovery time.
Results:
At all phases, being a team athlete was a significant predictor of faster recovery. At partial recovery (approximately one-third of the recovery time), significant predictors were active coping, confidence of reaching full recovery in the estimated time, not completing rehabilitation, and having less social support. By semirecovery (approximately two-thirds of the recovery time), vigor and using denial significantly predicted quicker recovery. At recovery, having previously suffered a serious nonsporting injury or illness, vigor, more confidence, and intensity of effort significantly predicted faster recovery.
Conclusions:
This study has expanded on and refined the work in this area and will help increase understanding of the role that psychological variables play in decreasing recovery time, which has important implications for those implementing rehabilitation programs.
Corey P. Ochs, Melissa C. Kay and Johna K. Register-Mihalik
resulting time out of play and the potential athletic consequences following this time loss. Concussions in professional sports, such as football and ice hockey, are unique due to players’ job security relying on their ability to perform. Typically, initial clinical recovery occurs within 7 to 10 days 3
Steven Nagib and Shelley W. Linens
Clinical Scenario Although headache is the most commonly reported symptom associated with concussion, dizziness comes in at a close second with report rates between 66% and 77%. 1 This statistic is concerning as dizziness may be a predictor of prolonged recovery. 1 Any patient, who has symptoms
Berkiye Kirmizigil, Jeffry Roy Chauchat, Omer Yalciner, Gozde Iyigun, Ender Angin and Gul Baltaci
with DOMS. 3 These symptoms generally appear within the first 24 hours postexercise, 3 , 4 peak 24 to 72 hours postexercise, 1 , 3 , 4 and disappear from 5 to 7 days postexercise. 3 , 4 Recovery techniques may help to expedite the process. 3 There are many causes for the psychological discomfort
Landon Lempke, Abbis Jaffri and Nicholas Erdman
is necessary to prevent a protracted recovery. 1 For the past several decades, physical rest has been prescribed as a mainstay for SRC management. 1 More recently, rest has been divided into cognitive and physical components. Cognitive rest may include restricting daily living activities, such as
Stephan R. Fisher, Justin H. Rigby, Joni A. Mettler and Kevin W. McCurdy
regulatory factors, and increases the formation of new red blood cells locally. 2 These effects make PBMT a valuable treatment option for muscle recovery; however, PBMT has not become a mainstream tool for muscle recovery in clinical practice. For decades, cryotherapy has been a popular modality for
Ryan D. Henke, Savana M. Kettner, Stephanie M. Jensen, Augustus C.K. Greife and Christopher J. Durall
exacerbation low-intensity aerobic exercise (LIAEX) may expedite concussion recovery via increased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. 2 – 5 Subsymptom exacerbation LIAEX, starting a minimum of 4 weeks after an SRC, has been reported to be more beneficial than rest, 6 but the effects of LIAEX
Jahan Heidari, Johanna Belz, Monika Hasenbring, Jens Kleinert, Claudia Levenig and Michael Kellmann
negative health outcomes (eg, injuries). Notably, Appaneal and Perna 24 stated that these underpinnings are not limited to injury onset and recovery but could rather be examined in light of other health aspects, such as BP. Apart from examining psychophysiological stress, injury research has also been
