This article, via discussing various psychological manifestations among Chinese elite athletes, illustrates sociocultural “meridians” in Chinese elite sports including (a) “Whole-Nation system,” (b) Chinese culture, and (c) their interaction. We propose that the sociocultural characteristics be integrated in athletes’ psychological training and further discuss the aspects of (a) cultural inheritance and (b) traditional beliefs, including “harmony with differences,” “doing the best and following the fate,” “Ah Q spirit,” “all are Buddha,” and the balance between Confucianism and Taoism. We suggest that the ultimate goal of sport psychologists is to facilitate the athlete’s overall development, with such a maturing process only achieved by integrating the above factors into athletes’ sociocultural contexts.
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Gangyan Si, Yanping Duan, Hin Yue Li, and Xiaobo Jiang
Fei Gao, Bob Heere, Samuel Y. Todd, and Brian Mihalik
dominant themes: (a) stakeholders have very little knowledge of social leverage, (b) the media belonging to government, private, and individuals amplifies current values and beliefs of the IOR stakeholders, and (c) the Chinese culture has an the implicit/explicit influence on the perceptions of the
Jianjun Tang and Elizabeth A. Gregg
This study examines media images of sports public figures during 4 periods of modern Chinese history. Furthermore, an explanation is provided for each of the variables that have affected the media’s portrayal of sports public figures. As in most cultures and nations around the world, sports public figures are recognizable characters in modern Chinese culture. They have a significant impact on opinions regarding sports and society and have gained a pivotal role in the fabric of mainstream culture. Over the various historical periods in China, the country’s media have reported stories involving sports public figures differently. The descriptions contained in this study are reflections of the various political, economical, cultural, sports, and media climates during different time periods in China. The commercialization of sports and the rise of the media’s presence have influenced the pursuit of an all-encompassing image of Chinese sports public figures.
Reynold W.L. Lee, Andy C.Y. Tse, and Thomson W.L. Wong
attentive to negative information ( Wood & Kisley, 2006 ). Another potential reason may be the “face” concept in older adults in the Chinese culture; face (mien-tzu) means a kind of prestige that is generally emphasized in Asia, especially China: “a reputation achieved through getting on in life, through
Xiaoyang Shi, Yan Wang, Xiuxiu Huang, Shangshang Gao, Qiaoqin Wan, and Shaomei Shang
examples of temple activity to be more consistent and appropriate with the Chinese culture. Changed to: 4. 去教堂做礼拜或者参加其他以坐为主的教会、寺庙活动 6. Use a computer? 6. 使用电脑？ Suggest adding examples of using mobile phones to be more consistent and appropriate with the Chinese culture. Changed to: 6. 使用电子设备:电脑、手机、平板等 7
Qingru Xu and Peggy J. Kreshel
values promoted in current Chinese advertising, finding that the value of individualism predominated in advertisements targeting the younger generation. More recently, examining shifts in the individualism–collectivism continuum in Chinese culture as suggested by personal pronoun usage, Hamamura and Xu
Noora J. Ronkainen, Amanda Shuman, and Lin Xu
“ideologies of difference” ( Wachs, 2005 , p. 527) and did little to challenge essentialist discourses that work to shape gender relations in Chinese culture ( Kim et al., 2017 ). In asserting that most women were not up to being “serious” runners, our participants who were more competitive actually
Yan Shi, Wendy Yajun Huang, Cindy Hui-Ping Sit, and Stephen Heung-Sang Wong
lowest compliance with the whole guidelines (1.5%) and in particular the PA recommendation (15.1%). 5 The reasons why Chinese young people are less physically active than their counterparts in other countries may be multifaceted and have not been fully understood. Nevertheless, in Chinese culture
Kun Liang
mean they are positive in every physical, cognitive, and social domain. Chinese culture puts more weight on social functioning and less on physical functioning, with regard to meanings of aging, than Western cultures ( Shweder, 1998 ). This implies that Chinese people are quicker to accept the old as
Amanda Palladino, Minkyo Lee, and Xiaochen Zhou
’s culture are considered in the selection and design of the mascot figure, such as the five mascots of Beijing 2008 Games, each wearing a color of the Olympic rings and corresponding to the five natural elements in Chinese culture ( Knight et al., 2014 ; Olympics, n.d. ). In addition, in order for people
