. Instagram is a social networking site that has surged in popularity recently. Launched in 2010, within 2 months the Instagram community grew to 1 million users and reached 100 million users by 2013 ( “Our story”, 2014 ). In 2016, the popular photo-sharing social networking site reached a milestone 500
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Sara Santarossa, Paige Coyne, Sarah J. Woodruff, and Craig G. Greenham
Kelly Fraidenburg and Laura Backstrom
-centric audience ” (emphasis added) ( Nagle, 2012 ). Although the audiences for ESPN and espnW Instagram accounts are presumed to differ by gender, we know little about whether this difference affects the content that each account posts about sportswomen. In this paper, we analyze 370 posts featuring sportswomen
Daniel Weimar, Brian P. Soebbing, and Pamela Wicker
outcomes on the change rate of followers across professional football leagues. Put differently, the present research estimates the social media value of game outcomes using big social media data. These data stem from three social media platforms (i.e., Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram) and were gathered
Samuel López-Carril and Christos Anagnostopoulos
powerful abilities that PTSOs possess in the communities where they exist and operate. The importance of disclosing these actions, however, should not be understated. In this regard, social media have emerged as a wide range of tools (YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, etc.) that facilitate
Dustin A. Hahn
Instagram surpassed a billion active monthly users in the summer of 2018, with a growth rate around 5% per quarter ( Constine, 2018 ). In contrast, broadcast ratings have steadily declined in popular sport leagues. Market shares of Major League Baseball’s World Series dropped from 26 in 2001 to 14
Jihyeon Lee and Laura Azzarito
fitness ( Sirna, 2014 ). Thus, the purpose of this participatory visual study was to explore how Instagram, a visual-based social media platform, served as a public pedagogical space in which RIM girls co-constructed, shared, and expressed their (dis)engagement in physical culture. The primary researcher
Wonyul Bae, Kim Hahn, and Minseok Cho
With a growing number of people using social media such as Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter, it has become extremely important for professional athletes to build and promote their personal brands through social media. Using social media has become increasingly critical for athlete branding, more
Fallon R. Mitchell, Paula M. van Wyk, and Sara Santarossa
, and reporters control the narrative, social media (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc.) are unique in that they rely on user-generated content ( Shao, 2009 ), thus affording each individual potential control over their own self-presentation ( Pate et al., 2014 ). In other words, interactions via
Evan Frederick, Nicholas Swim, Ajhanai C.I. Keaton, and Ann Pegoraro
two pivotal moments of state-enacted anti-Blackness violence. Utilizing the lens of critical race theory (CRT) and critical whiteness studies, we examined user commentary pertaining to James’ two Instagram posts responding to the state-enacted violence against Michael Brown in 2014 and George Floyd in
Michael L. Naraine and Jordan T. Bakhsh
showcased various social platforms such as Doyle et al. ( 2020 ) look at consumer engagement of athlete’s Instagram posts, Su et al. ( 2020 ) uncovering engagement with athletes on Twitter and Instagram, and Wakefield and Bennett’s ( 2018 ) unpacking of ephemeral social media posts from platforms like