concentrations following high-intensity exercise. 14 This implies that rest duration between repeated matches is generally insufficient to restore blood acid–base balance. However, while a high blood [La − ] of 13 to 18 mmol·L −1 have been observed during simulated repeated combats, strength loss was found to
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Repeated Simulated Match-Induced Changes in Finger Flexor Force and Blood Acid–Base Balance in World-Class Female Judokas
Joffrey Bardin, Pierre Bourdier, Bastien Bontemps, Allison Diry, Anthony Birat, Anthony J. Blazevich, Frédéric Roualen, Christine Hanon, Claire Thomas, and Sébastien Ratel
Ingestion of Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) Following a Fatiguing Bout of Exercise Accelerates Postexercise Acid-Base Balance Recovery and Improves Subsequent High-Intensity Cycling Time to Exhaustion
Lewis A. Gough, Steven Rimmer, Callum J. Osler, and Matthew F. Higgins
This study evaluated the ingestion of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) on postexercise acid-base balance recovery kinetics and subsequent high-intensity cycling time to exhaustion. In a counterbalanced, crossover design, nine healthy and active males (age: 23 ± 2 years, height: 179 ± 5 cm, body mass: 74 ± 9 kg, peak mean minute power (Wpeak) 256 ± 45 W, peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) 46 ± 8 ml.kg-1.min-1) performed a graded incremental exercise test, two familiarization and two experimental trials. Experimental trials consisted of cycling to volitional exhaustion (TLIM1) at 100% WPEAK on two occasions (TLIM1 and TLIM2) interspersed by a 90 min passive recovery period. Using a double-blind approach, 30 min into a 90 min recovery period participants ingested either 0.3 g.kg-1 body mass sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or a placebo (PLA) containing 0.1 g.kg-1 body mass sodium chloride (NaCl) mixed with 4 ml.kg-1 tap water and 1 ml.kg-1 orange squash. The mean differences between TLIM2 and TLIM1 was larger for PLA compared with NaHCO3 (-53 ± 53 vs. -20 ± 48 s; p = .008, d = 0.7, CI =-0.3, 1.6), indicating superior subsequent exercise time to exhaustion following NaHCO3. Blood lactate [Bla-] was similar between treatments post TLIM1, but greater for NaHCO3 post TLIM2 and 5 min post TLIM2. Ingestion of NaHCO3 induced marked increases (p < .01) in both blood pH (+0.07 ± 0.02, d = 2.6, CI = 1.2, 3.7) and bicarbonate ion concentration [HCO3 -] (+6.8 ± 1.6 mmo.l-1, d = 3.4, CI = 1.8, 4.7) compared with the PLA treatment, before TLIM2. It is likely both the acceleration of recovery, and the marked increases of acid-base after TLIM1 contributed to greater TLIM2 performance compared with the PLA condition.
Enteric-Coated Sodium Bicarbonate Attenuates Gastrointestinal Side-Effects
Nathan Philip Hilton, Nicholas Keith Leach, Melissa May Craig, S. Andy Sparks, and Lars Robert McNaughton
suggests that delayed-release (DEL) NaHCO 3 , which contained an enteric coating within the shell, minimizes GI symptoms in comparison with an oral solution, while inducing a comparable acid–base balance ( Hilton et al., 2019 ). However, there is speculation as to how the site of disintegration may alter
Oral but Not Topical Sodium Bicarbonate Improves Repeated Sprint Performance During Simulated Soccer Match Play Exercise in Collegiate Athletes
William H. Gurton, Lewis A. Gough, Jason C. Siegler, Anthony Lynn, and Mayur K. Ranchordas
potential renal acid load on acid–base balance ( Remer, 2001 ). Visual inspection of food diaries (consistency of food choice, patterns, and portion sizes) by the principal investigator revealed that compliance to dietary controls was met. Experimental trials were separated by 5–7 days to ensure sufficient
Effects of Multibuffer Supplementation on Acid-Base Balance and 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate Following Repetitive Anaerobic Exercise
William J. Kraemer, Scott E. Gordon, James M. Lynch, Mariana E.M.V. Pop, and Kristine L. Clark
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of a 3.5-day dietary multibuffer supplement (containing predominantly inorganic phosphate, or Pj, along with bicarbonate and carnosine, i.e., PhosFuel™) on repetitive (four trials separated by 2 min rest) Wingate test (WT) performances and whole blood 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) concentrations in 10 recreationally trained road cyclists (T) and 10 normally active but untrained (UT) men. A 2-week washout period was utilized between experimental sessions. Venous blood samples were obtained via cannula once before exercise (baseline), immediately post each WT, and 3 min after the final WT (recovery). The data indicate that this supplement does not affect acid-base status with following intense anaerobic exercise and does not improve repetitive WT performance. However, the supplement does enhance post-exercise levels of 2,3-DPG and the 2,3-DPG/Hb ratio in recreationally trained cyclists while improving acute recovery of peak power in these men.
The Hyperhydration Potential of Sodium Bicarbonate and Sodium Citrate
Jason C. Siegler, Amelia J. Carr, William T. Jardine, Lilia Convit, Rebecca Cross, Dale Chapman, Louise M. Burke, and Megan Ross
gravity; UC = urine color (in arbitrary units); BM = body mass (in kilograms); TFI = total fluid intake (in milliliters). Blood Acid–Base Balance and PV As expected, pH in the BIC and CIT conditions increased over the 180 min as verified by a significant Condition × Time interaction ( F = 12.7; p
Increased Performance in Elite Runners Following Individualized Timing of Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation
Tue A.H. Lassen, Lars Lindstrøm, Simon Lønbro, and Klavs Madsen
The present study investigated individualized sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3 −) supplementation in elite orienteers and its effects on alkalosis and performance in a simulated sprint orienteering competition. Twenty-one Danish male and female elite orienteers (age = 25.2 ± 3.6 years, height = 176.4 ± 10.9 cm, body mass = 66.6 ± 7.9 kg) were tested twice in order to identify individual time to peak blood bicarbonate (HCO3 − peak) following supplementation of 0.3 g/kg body mass NaHCO3 with and without warm-up. The athletes also performed two 3.5 km time-trial runs (TT-runs) following individualized timing of NaHCO3 supplementation (SBS) or placebo (PLA) on separate days in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over design. The occurrence of individual peak HCO3 − and pH ranged from 60 to 180 min. Mean HCO3 − and pH in SBS were significantly higher compared with PLA 10 min before and following the TT-run (p < .01). SBS improved overall performance in the 3.5 km TT-run by 6 s compared with PLA (775.5 ± 16.2 s vs. 781.4 ± 16.1 s, respectively; p < .05). SBS improved performance in the last half of the TT-run compared with PLA (p < .01). In conclusion, supplementation with NaHCO3 followed by warm-up resulted in individualized alkalosis peaks ranging from 60 to 180 min. Individualized timing of SBS in elite orienteers induced significant alkalosis before and after a 3.5 km TT and improved overall performance time by 6 s, which occurred in the last half of the time trial. The present data show that the anaerobic buffer system is important for performance in these types of endurance events lasting 12–15 min.
No Effect of Acute Balenine Supplementation on Maximal and Submaximal Exercise Performance in Recreational Cyclists
Sarah de Jager, Stefaan Van Damme, Siegrid De Baere, Siska Croubels, Ralf Jäger, Martin Purpura, Eline Lievens, Jan G. Bourgois, and Wim Derave
-histidine) concentration through its buffering capacity ( Harris et al., 2006 ; Hill et al., 2007 ; Saunders et al., 2017 ). Apart from an effect on acid–base balance, other health and performance enhancing properties of carnosine such as an antioxidant capacity and protection against glycation have
Erratum: Gough et al (2017)
In the article by Gough, L.A., Rimmer, S., Osler, C.J., & Higgins, M.F. (2017). Ingestion of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) following a fatiguing bout of exercise accelerates postexercise acid-base balance recovery and improves subsequent high-intensity cycling time to exhaustion, International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 27(5), 429–438, doi:
These include:
- (a) The key for Figure 1 was erroneously included for Figure 3 (and not for Figure 1).
- (b) The abbreviation for PRE was missing from the Figure 1 key.
- (c) Figure 3 contained two indicators (+) which were not necessary.
The online version of this article has been corrected. We sincerely apologize for these errors.
Effect of Warm-Up and Sodium Bicarbonate Ingestion on 4-km Cycling Time-Trial Performance
William H. Gurton, Steve H. Faulkner, and Ruth M. James
·L −1 ) reported pre-TT after NaHCO 3 ingestion. Other authors employing sport-specific warm-up strategies observed no effect of NaHCO 3 on sprint time during water polo (+0.4%; P = .51) and rugby ( P > .05) tests. 15 , 16 As these studies failed to examine differences in acid–base balance between
