This study investigated effects of low (1 mg·kg−1), moderate (3 mg·kg−1) and high (5 mg·kg−1) doses of caffeine on anaerobic performance in boys. Twenty-six 8- to 10-year-old boys participated in a double-blind, crossover, counter-balanced study. Boys received in random order a placebo (PL) or anhydrous caffeine: 1 (CAF-1), 3 (CAF-3), or 5 (CAF-5) mg caffeine·kg−1 body mass in cherry flavored Sprite. Sixty minutes following consumption boys performed a static handgrip test and then a 30-s Wingate test. Maximal grip strength (21.5 ± 4.9 & 21.6 ± 4.7 vs. 20.4 ± 4.0 kg) was significantly higher in CAF-5 & CAF-3 vs PL, respectively. Absolute and relative peak power (287 ± 72 vs 281 ± 69 W & 8.0 ± 0.9 vs 7.8 ± 1.0 W·kg−1) were significantly higher in CAF-3 vs PL, respectively. Mean power (153 ± 48 vs 146 ± 43 W) was significantly higher in CAF-5 vs PL, respectively. Peak Wingate HR was significantly higher (189 ± 8 vs 185 ± 9 beats·min−1) in CAF-5 vs PL, respectively. These findings suggest that in boys CAF-1 did not affect performance. During the Wingate test CAF-3 resulted in higher peak power while CAF-5 increased mean power. The significant increase in peak HR following the Wingate test is likely related to greater mean power generated during CAF-5.
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Kenneth R. Turley, Paola A. Eusse, Myles M. Thomas, Jeremy R. Townsend, and Aaron B. Morton
Larry G. Matson and Zung Vu Tran
Many researchers have investigated the effects of induced metabolic alkalosis, by ingestion of sodium bicarbonate, on anaerobic exercise performance. But the results have been inconsistent and often contradictory. The purpose of this review was to synthesize the varied findings using a meta-analytic approach. Twenty-nine investigations met our inclusion criteria. Results show that
Sebastian Kaufmann, Olaf Hoos, Timo Kuehl, Thomas Tietz, Dominik Reim, Kai Fehske, Richard Latzel, and Ralph Beneke
require a fast recovery from repeated intermittent exercise. In YYIR1, the starting running velocity and the initial increases in running speeds are substantially lower than in YYIR2. The YYIR2 is considered to tax the anaerobic energy system more strongly than the YYIR1. 9 , 12 , 13 So far, both tests
Arnaud Hays, Caroline Nicol, Denis Bertin, Romain Hardouin, and Jeanick Brisswalter
the variance in performance is reported to be explained by aerobic parameters, much of it remains unexplained. 1 – 4 More recently, Inoue et al 5 examined the correlation between the XCO race time and the anaerobic power assessed by a Wingate test and concluded that anaerobic power is also an
Carl James, James Rees, Henry Chong, Lee Taylor, Christopher M. Beaven, Mitch Henderson, and Julien S. Baker
energy system contribution across a tournament, which is apparent across both men’s and women’s sevens. Despite this variability, and unlike in fifteens, 3 we found no independent differences between forwards or backs. Such similarity in positional anaerobic demands alludes to individual’s physiological
Alex G. Shaw, Sungwon Chae, Danielle E. Levitt, Jonathan L. Nicholson, Jakob L. Vingren, and David W. Hill
participants in analyses, the effect of alcohol ingestion on VO 2 kinetics was limited to comparison of the mean response time (TD primary + τ primary ) from the monoexponential model. Maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD), the widely accepted measure of anaerobic capacity, 18 was determined based on
Noah M.A. d’Unienville, Maximillian J. Nelson, Clint R. Bellenger, Henry T. Blake, and Jonathan D. Buckley
muscle. 5 If this is the case, changes in mechanical and metabolic status of the muscle arising from forms of exercise other than endurance exercise, such as anaerobic exercise, might also influence rHRI in a manner that allows it to track changes in exercise performance. The aim of the present study
Reginald L. Washington
The ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) occurs when there is an isolated increase in the slope for ventilator equivalent for oxygen consumption (VE/VO2) with no change in the slope for ventilatoiy equivalent for carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2) when both are plotted against time. The concept of anaerobic threshold remains controversial. However, it is a clinically useful tool in evaluating the exercise capacity of children. This paper will review the history, biochemistry, and methodology involved in determining the anaerobic threshold, as well as the ventilatory anaerobic threshold in children.
Sebastian Kaufmann, Olaf Hoos, Aaron Beck, Fabian Fueller, Richard Latzel, and Ralph Beneke
Anaerobic exercise testing is a research topic of high relevance, as documented by >10,000 results for “anaerobic test” on PubMed. Nevertheless, there is no single best indicator for anaerobic performance, such as maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2 max) for aerobic performance. 1 One major issue in the
Nnamdi Gwacham and Dale R. Wagner
Consumption of energy drinks is common among athletes; however, there is a lack of research on the efficacy of these beverages for short-duration, intense exercise. The purpose of this research was to investigate the acute effects of a low-calorie caffeine-taurine energy drink (AdvoCare Spark) on repeated sprint performance and anaerobic power in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I football players. Twenty football players (age 19.7 ± 1.8 yr, height 184.9 ± 5.3 cm, weight 100.3 ± 21.7 kg) participated in a double-blind, randomized crossover study in which they received the energy drink or an isoenergetic, isovolumetric, noncaffeinated placebo in 2 trials separated by 7 days. The Running Based Anaerobic Sprint Test, consisting of six 35-m sprints with 10 s of rest between sprints, was used to assess anaerobic power. Sprint times were recorded with an automatic electronic timer. The beverage treatment did not significantly affect power (F = 3.84, p = .066) or sprint time (F = 3.06, p = .097). However, there was a significant interaction effect between caffeine use and the beverage for sprint times (F = 4.62, p = .045), as well as for anaerobic power (F = 5.40, p = .032), indicating a confounding effect. In conclusion, a caffeine-taurine energy drink did not improve the sprint performance or anaerobic power of college football players, but the level of caffeine use by the athletes likely influenced the effect of the drink.
