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Nutrition and Physical Activity During British Army Officer Cadet Training: Part 1—Energy Balance and Energy Availability

Victoria C. Edwards, Stephen D. Myers, Sophie L. Wardle, Andrew G. Siddall, Steven D. Powell, Sarah Needham-Beck, Sarah S. Kefyalew, Priya A. Singh, Elise R. Orford, Michelle C. Venables, Sarah Jackson, Julie P. Greeves, and Sam D. Blacker

British Army Officer Cadets (OCs) undertake the 44-week Commissioning Course (CC) at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (RMAS), consisting of periods of training in camp and field exercises (FEXs). The course, which is necessarily arduous, consists of a typical mixture of military work and

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Nutrition and Physical Activity in British Army Officer Cadet Training Part 2—Daily Distribution of Energy and Macronutrient Intake

Victoria C. Edwards, Stephen D. Myers, Sophie L. Wardle, Andrew G. Siddall, Steve D. Powell, Sarah Needham-Beck, Sarah Jackson, Julie P. Greeves, and Sam D. Blacker

British Army Officer Cadet (OC) training is a 44-week Commissioning Course (CC) at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, consisting of periods of training in camp and field exercises and is characterized by high physical activity levels ( Bilzon et al., 2006 ). Consequently, during the CC

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Gender Differences in Static and Dynamic Postural Stability of Soldiers in the Army’s 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault)

Timothy C. Sell, Mita T. Lovalekar, Takashi Nagai, Michael D. Wirt, John P. Abt, and Scott M. Lephart

. Methods Participants Fifty soldiers (25 males and 25 females) from the Army’s 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) voluntarily participated in the study. This Army Division is a light infantry division that primarily uses helicopters to deliver troops into combat. The 2 groups were matched on age (±2.0 y

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Running (for) the Military: An Ethnography of Sport Militarism at the Canada Army Run

Bridgette M. Desjardins

’s capital to participate in the Canada Army Run (CAR), one of the largest road races in Canada, hosted by the Canadian Forces (CF). Alongside the crowd of runners, thousands of community members joined cheering stations that lined the racecourse and attended prerace festivities featuring a live band

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The Influence of Corrective Exercises on Functional Movement Screen and Physical Fitness Performance in Army ROTC Cadets

Marissa J. Basar, Justin M. Stanek, Daniel D. Dodd, and Rebecca L. Begalle

extensive degree of physical effort throughout their military career. 7 – 10 To ensure soldiers are adequately prepared to handle the rigors of their job, their physical fitness is routinely examined by a standard fitness performance exam called the Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT). Although soldiers

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“Don’t Just Speak About It, Be About It”: Rebecca Busanich in Conversation With Shannon Baird on Choosing the Principled Path as a Practitioner

Rebecca Busanich and Shannon Baird

: And get paid for it?! Shannon : I know! I was literally born to do this job. Weighing Career Choices With Personal Values Shannon went on to work with the conventional army from 2011 to 2018 and then transitioned to working with special operations in 2018. Rebecca : Can you talk a little bit about how

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A Case Report of Idiosyncratic Hyperthermia and Review of U.S. Army Heat Stroke Hospitalizations

Robert Carter III, Samuel N. Cheuvront, and Michael N. Sawka

Objectives:

We report our observations on one soldier with abnormal hyperthermia during exercise in the heat compared with prior exercise and following acute local (non-febrile) infection. Also, we report on 994 heat stroke hospitalizations in the U.S. Army. It is known that prior infection is a risk factor for heat illness and some of the 37 heat stroke deaths cited infections (eg, pneumonia, influenza) in the medical records.

Results:

This case report illustrates complete recovery from abnormal hyperthermia, which occurred in a laboratory setting during mild, low intensity exercise. In a field setting, this case may have resulted in serious heat illness. As with most of the heat stroke cases, rapid medical attention (ie, cooling and rehydration) and the age group (19 to 26) that represents majority of the heatstroke cases in U.S. Army are likely factors that contribute successful treatment of heatstroke in the field environment.

Conclusions:

We conclude that acute inflammatory response can augment the hyperthermia of exercise and possibly increase heat illness susceptibility. Furthermore, it is important for health care providers of soldiers and athletes to monitor acute local infections due to the potential thermoregulatory consequences during exercise in the heat.

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Association Between Ambulatory Physical Activity and Injuries During United States Army Basic Combat Training

Joseph J. Knapik, Keith G. Hauret, Sara Canada, Roberto Marin, and Bruce Jones

Background:

Associations between physical activity and injuries have been previously examined using self-reports. The present investigation examined this association using objective measures of activity and injury.

Methods:

To quantify ambulatory activity, pedometers were worn daily by recruits in 10 Army Basic Combat Training companies during the 9-week training cycle. Injuries were obtained from a medical surveillance system, defined as traumatic or overuse events resulting in a medical care provider visit. A daily questionnaire documented whether or not recruits wore the pedometers and trained with their companies for the entire day.

Results:

Training companies were categorized by activity level into 3 groups with higher activity (HA, 17,948 ± 550 steps/day), 4 with moderate activity (MA, 16,346 ± 768 steps/day) and 3 with lower activity (LA, 14,772 ± 400 steps/day). Among men, the MA and HA groups were at 1.52 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.15−2.01) and 1.94 (95% CI = 1.46−2.61) times higher injury risk, respectively, compared with the LA group. Among women, the MA and HA groups were at 1.36 (95% CI = 1.07−1.73) and 1.53 (95% CI = 1.24−1.89) times higher injury risk, respectively, compared with low LA group. The relationships remained significant after considering physical characteristics and physical fitness.

Conclusions:

In consonance with previous self-report studies, higher physical activity was associated with higher injury risk.

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Predictors of the Relationships Between Nutritional Supplement Use and Weight-Modification Goals of U.S. Army Soldiers

Krista G. Austin, Christina E. Carvey, Emily K. Farina, and Harris R. Lieberman

Background:

U.S. Army Soldiers must meet body weight and composition standards and consequently may use nutritional supplements (NS) purported to assist in weight modification (WM). Nutritional supplements are dietary supplements (DS) and foods intended to supplement the diet.

Purpose:

This study assessed relationships between NS use, demographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, and WM goals among U.S. Army personnel.

Methods:

Participants (N = 990) self-reported NS use, categorized as energy drinks, sport nutrition products, or DS, and WM goal (lose, gain, or maintain) was ascertained by survey. DS were subcategorized as health, weight-loss, weight-gain, or other DS. Chi-square and logistic regression were used to assess relationships between predictors, NS use, and WM goal. Most respondents (70.3% ± 1.7%) consumed some NS; however, overall NS use was not related to WM goal. Significant relationships were observed between predictors (tobacco use, age, body-mass index, fitness score, general health, and eating habits) and both WM goal and NS use. Respondents attempting to lose or maintain weight were less likely to consume energy drinks and weight-gain DS.

Conclusion:

WM goal is related to multiple health behaviors including tobacco use, physical fitness score, and self-perception of health and eating behavior. NS are consumed in this population regardless of WM goal.

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The Significance of Baseball Games Between South Korean Teams and US Army Teams Shortly After World War II

Moongi Cho

October 14, 1945 to the Baseball Competition of Districts in November 1946. Games were held 3.6 times per month on average (Table  1 ). Among these games, the one that particularly attracted the attention of South Koreans at that time was the Joseon Army Team vs. the 24th US Army Team (hereinafter