The recent increase in scientific activity related to traumatic brain injury (TBI)—and in particular, mild TBI and concussion—parallels the growth of public interest in the field. As the international scientific community aligns itself to better diagnose, treat, and manage this injury ( 79 ), which
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Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury and Exercise Medicine: A Narrative Review
Bhanu Sharma and Brian W. Timmons
Memory Impairments Associated With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Critically Appraised Topic
Karlee Burns, Leah Sanford, Ryan Tierney, and Jane McDevitt
Key Points ▸ Adolescents and young adults with sport-related mild traumatic brain injury (i.e., 9 days to 12 months postinjury) performed worse on memory tests than healthy controls. ▸ There is low-level evidence suggesting structural changes (e.g., cortical thinning) are occurring following sport
Do Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Techniques Reduce Symptom Duration in Children and Adolescents Who Have Sustained a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury?
Carlie K. Elmer and Tamara C. Valovich McLeod
therapy and its effect on symptoms in children and adolescents with diagnosed concussions. Focused Clinical Question Does CBT reduce concussion symptoms among children and adolescents following mild traumatic brain injury? Search Strategy A comprehensive search of PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus
Aerobic Exercise as an Intervention for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Critically Appraised Topic
Makayla Florez, Erin Roberge, and Jennifer Ostrowski
participation in the program; previous history of any diagnosed psychiatric disease or current onset of psychiatric problems; suffers from a progressive neurodegenerative disease; previous history of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury; previous history of chronic pain and migraine Intervention
Applying Physical Activity Motivation Theories to People with Brain Injuries
Simon Driver
The purpose of the paper is to provide specialists with theoretical frameworks that can be used to guide the creation of physical activity interventions as well as facilitating participation for people with traumatic brain injuries. Two frameworks for examining the physical activity motivation of people with brain injuries are presented. The theories include Bandura’s (1986) self-efficacy theory and Harter’s (1987) mediational model of self-worth. The constructs within both theories are explained and then applied to people with brain injuries. Suggestions for practitioners are also provided about how to manipulate the physical activity environment to promote physical activity participation.
Measuring Exercise Induced Affect in Adults with Brain Injuries
Simon Driver
The aim of the study was to provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the Physical Activity Affect Scale (PAAS; Lox, Jackson, Tuholski, Wasley, & Treasure, 2000) as a measure of exercise induced affect for adults with brain injuries. The PAAS is a 12-item measure of feeling states based on Russell’s (1980) conceptualization of affect. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on data from 193 participants with brain injuries who completed the PAAS following a single bout of exercise. Results identified four dimensions of affect (positive affect, negative affect, tranquility, and fatigue). Findings provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the PAAS as a measure of exercise induced affect for adults with brain injuries.
Acute Subdural Hematoma in a High School Football Player Requiring Emergent Decompressive Craniectomy
Christine C. Center, Samuel J. Wilkins, Ross Mathiasen, and Adam B. Rosen
number of injuries related to football, fatalities resulting from brain injury during football participation have remained consistent. 2 The trend in American football catastrophic head injuries has risen over the past 30 years. 3 Subdural hemorrhages (SDHs) are the leading cause of brain
New Insights Into Accelerometer-Measured Habitual Physical Activity and Sedentary Time During Early Recovery in Pediatric Concussion
Bhanu Sharma, Joyce Obeid, Carol DeMatteo, Michael D. Noseworthy, and Brian W. Timmons
Concussions are brain injuries that are caused by biomechanical impact and result in functional neurological disturbance ( 24 ). Although concussion symptom profiles are diverse and vary between individuals, there are 4 generally accepted symptom sets: cognitive (eg, difficulty thinking or
Development of a Conceptual Model to Predict Physical Activity Participation in Adults with Brain Injuries
Simon Driver
The purpose was to examine psychosocial factors that influence the physical activity behaviors of adults with brain injuries. Two differing models, based on Harter’s model of self-worth, were proposed to examine the relationship between perceived competence, social support, physical self-worth, affect, and motivation. Adults numbering 384 with brain injuries completed a series of questionnaires measuring each psychosocial variable. The structural analysis indicated a nonsignificant chi squared value and good fit indices for model two which included affect as the mediating variable. Findings indicate that affect is critical in shaping the physical activity cognitions and behaviors of adults with brain injuries. Suggestions are made on practical ways to enhance affect and subsequently physical activity participation.
Characterization of Head Impact Exposure in Women’s Collegiate Soccer
Tanner M. Filben, Nicholas S. Pritchard, Logan E. Miller, Sarah K. Woods, Megan E. Hayden, Christopher M. Miles, Jillian E. Urban, and Joel D. Stitzel
and observed a higher rate in females in sex-matched sports, suggesting that females may be more vulnerable to brain injury. However, American football athletes—a mostly male population—have received most of the focus regarding concussion. With over 265 million players worldwide, soccer is a highly
