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in team sports. Importantly, to obtain a global view of the overall training load, valid measurements of both the volume and the intensity of collisions are essential as collisions provide a greater subjective, physical, and physiological load than noncontact rugby training or high

possessing acceptable validity and reliability for locomotive demands, previous attempts to simulate the match demands of rugby league have resulted in similar heart rate (HR) responses but greater relative distance and high-speed running compared with match play. 5 The replication of collisions in the

Tackling is a fundamental skill in collision sports such as rugby league, rugby union, and American football. Rugby league is a highly physical and tactical team sport; players require high levels of strength and power to compete in matches that are characterized by a large volume of high

Clinical Scenario Sport-related concussions are at the forefront of media and public attention, especially for those who participate in high school collision sports. As clinicians are uncertain of optimal diagnostic and treatment strategies, 1 it is suggested that prevention is a preferable

Given the limited biomechanical data on kinetics and kinematics experienced by the lumbar spine during low-speed rear impact motor vehicle collision (ie, in industry, this typically refers to a collision with a change in velocity of 15 km/h or less), the underlying mechanisms of postcollision low

Shoulder injuries are common in collision and contact sports. In professional and amateur rugby, shoulder injuries have been associated with a high burden attributed to their incidence, recurrence, and severity in terms of time lost from sport. 1 , 2 In school-boy rugby, shoulder injuries were

specifically for rugby league, which can be used to quantify collision counts. 4 This algorithm is sensitive to detect 97.6% of collision events during professional rugby league match-play, and the typical error associated with measuring these events is 7.8%. 4 Accurately quantifying collision workloads is

performances ( r  = .56–.62, P  < .05) 2 and better tackling ability ( r  = .38, P  < .05) 3 in high-level players. These attributes are considered important because RL match play is composed of many high-intensity running, collision, and tackling actions. 4 Sprint momentum (body mass × velocity) has been

would theoretically increase collision work above that observed with rigid pylons, but also generate some energy return to mediate that increased work loss. Depending on the mechanical energy exchange, this may affect the energetics of walking 29 , 30 and could partially explain results indicating that