was the “Optimization of Human Performance,” and 13 scholars who are internationally recognized leaders in kinesiology and beyond presented their views on this topic from multiple perspectives spanning the historical and philosophical to the biophysical and sports-medicine dimensions. We now present
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Optimization of Human Performance
Bradley D. Hatfield, Calvin M. Lu, and Jo B. Zimmerman
Optimizing Human Performance—A Brief History of Macro and Micro Perspectives
Mark S. Dyreson
The 2019 National Academy of Kinesiology (NAK) meetings gathered an array of scholars to explore the “Optimization of Human Performance.” In the program description he sketched for the assembly, Past President Bradley Hatfield (Fellow #452) offered a very modern vision of optimal performance
Technological Impact on Human Performance
Bart Roelands and Kevin De Pauw
Human performance optimization is probably the most studied topic in sport science, as it is in other closely related areas such as rehabilitation or settings like industry and the army. In the International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ( IJSPP ), an abundance of studies appears
Applying General Systems Performance Theory and the Elemental Resource Model to Gender-Related Issues in Physical Education and Sport
G.V. Kondraske and P.J.H. Beehler
Traditional human performance research methods have consisted of multiple regression statistical models based on data such as physical size parameters, reaction times, running speeds, and jumping power. Despite widespread use over many years, the success achieved with these methods has been poor to mediocre. Robust methods for prediction and discovery of insights into human performance remain illusive. The purpose of this paper is to introduce General Systems Performance Theory (GSPT) and the Elemental Resource Model (ERM) for human performance into the fields of physical education and sport. This theory and model collectively represent a new methodological approach with unique features that include: 1) modeling and measurement of all aspects of performance using resource constructs, 2) the use of cause-and-effect resource economic principles (i.e., the idea of threshold “costs” for achieving a given level of performance in any given high level task), and 3) the concept of monadology (i.e., the use of a set of “elements” to explain a complex phenomenon). Although the ERM is intended to encompass all attributes of performance of all human subsystems and to apply to any circumstance involving a human and task, we focus here on relevance and application to gender-related issues in physical activities. This is achieved, after presenting an overview of the ERM, by means of a description and discussion of a set of hypothetical experiments that may be used as a guide for conducting future research. Based on our preliminary investigations, we suggest that it may be appropriate to question the common practice of anticipating and seeking correlations between high level task performance and routinely acquired measures of more basic aspects of performance (e.g., the resources). In contrast to traditional statistical modeling methods, the new concepts and methods represent a cause-and-effect approach that is more similar to the process that an engineer uses to design a system capable of performing a specified task. We believe that the ERM and its associated methods offer a promising basis for a broad spectrum of research into often controversial, gender-related human performance issues and we encourage more widespread investigation, refinement, and implementation of the ERM and GSPT.
Beyond Prometheus, Strawmen, and Science Fiction: Ethicists and the Moral Debate Over Enhancements to Human Performance
John Gleaves
Human performance enhancement is one of kinesiology’s many vibrant topics for inquiry. Though philosophers in kinesiology departments have offered some contribution to this topic, this paper argues that philosophers could improve their relevance by better engaging the existing scientific research. Rather than simply defending their place at the table, this paper proposes that philosophers build upon existing contributions to the ethics of human enhancement by increasing their scientific literacy. At the same time, this paper argues that certain patterns in philosophical discussions of human enhancement do not connect with scientific researchers. The paper concludes that ultimately philosophers must become more conversant with the language of science if they are going to continue contributing to central questions within the field of kinesiology.
Acute and Chronic Citrulline Malate Supplementation on Muscle Contractile Properties and Fatigue Rate of the Quadriceps
Alyssa N. Fick, Robert J. Kowalsky, Matthew S. Stone, Christopher M. Hearon, and Tyler M. Farney
drink, then began the exercise protocol 1 hr after finishing the drink to allow adequate digestion. Following the first supplemental testing day for both treatments, participants reported to the Human Performance Laboratory daily to consume their beverage. In the case of weekends or other special
Obesity Is Associated With Gait Alterations and Gait Asymmetry in Older Adults
Hao Meng and Stacey L. Gorniak
project was received from: (a) the Summer Research Support Program to H. Meng in the Department of Health and Human Performance at the University of Houston to support dissertation data collection for this project and (b) the American Heart Association via #16BGIA27250047 to S.L. Gorniak to supervise this
Volume 9 (2020): Issue 1 (Feb 2020): Proceedings of the National Academy of Kinesiology’s 2019 Meeting: Optimization of Human Performance
KRJ Kinesiology Review 2163-0453 2161-6035 1 02 2020 9 1 10.1123/kr.2020.9.issue-1 Proceedings of the National Academy of Kinesiology’s 2019 Meeting: Optimization of Human Performance Guest Editor: Bradley D. Hatfield INTRODUCTION 10.1123/kr.2019-0065 SCHOLARLY ARTICLES 10.1123/kr.2019-0063 10
Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition: 20 Years On
J. Ty Hopkins and Christopher D. Ingersoll
outcomes. Our hope is that 20 years from now, we will be able to erase the long-term consequences of AMI and improve the health and well-being of individuals who suffer from joint injury. J. Ty Hopkins 1 and Christopher D. Ingersoll 2 1 Human Performance Research Center, Brigham Young University, Provo
Recruiting and Retaining Graduate Students in Kinesiology at a Hispanic-Serving Institution
Ting Liu, Michelle Hamilton, YuChun Chen, Katie Harris, and Rushali Pandya
implemented: internal approaches and external collaborations . Example strategies within these themes that can contribute to enrollment success are presented next. Internal Approach: Recruit From Undergraduate Programs The Department of Health and Human Performance at TXST offers undergraduate degrees in
