elite sport. In this paper, we discuss the science, politics, and ethics surrounding the World Athletics eligibility rules and the real-life impact of these regulations. Conceptual Framework Our examination of contested female bodies and the World Athletics hyperandrogenism/eligibility 3 regulations is
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Gislaine S. Kogure, Cristiana L. Miranda-Furtado, Daiana C.C. Pedroso, Victor B. Ribeiro, Matheus C. Eiras, Rafael C. Silva, Lisandra C. Caetano, Rui A. Ferriani, Rodrigo T. Calado, and Rosana M. dos Reis
Obesity and excess visceral fat are risk factors for a number of chronic diseases, 1 including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). 2 PCOS is an endocrinopathy that affects 7% to 14% of women of reproductive age 3 and is characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism, 4 associated with
Kathryn Henne and Madeleine Pape
the Hyperandrogenism Regulations of the IAAF and IOC were introduced in 2011 to regulate the participation of women whose testosterone levels were considered higher than “normal” due to differences of sexual development. 6 In 2015, the CAS suspended these Regulations following an appeal by Indian
Ralph Beneke and Renate M. Leithäuser
induces the same biological and clinical effects as endogenous testosterone, except spermatogenesis. Therefore, testosterone counts as a highly potent doping substance. Women with the mild form of hyperandrogenism caused by polycystic ovary syndrome and testosterone concentration <5.0 nmol/L are
Alon Eliakim
PCOS model group (letrozole administration without exercise intervention) and a control group. Only the high-intensity (volume) exercise intervention had a strong effect on reversing hyperandrogenism and reducing leptin levels, promoting ovulation, reducing body weight, improving FINS sensitivity, and
George B. Cunningham, Erin Buzuvis, and Chris Mosier
Committee . ( 2015 ). IOC consensus meeting on sex reassignment and hyperandrogenism . Retrieved from https://stillmed.olympic.org/Documents/Commissions_PDFfiles/Medical_commission/2015-11_ioc_consensus_meeting_on_sex_reassignment_and_hyperandrogenism-en.pdf Johnston v. University of Pittsburgh , 97 F
Amie Woodward, David Broom, Caroline Dalton, Mostafa Metwally, and Markos Klonizakis
/biochemical hyperandrogenism, (2) chronic anovulation/oligomenorrhea, and (3) polycystic ovaries. 2 Women must present with 2 out of the 3 symptoms to receive a diagnosis. PCOS affects fertility and is characterized by various cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, abdominal
Anna Posbergh
reassignment and hyperandrogenism wherein the “overriding sporting objective is and remains the guarantee of fair competition” through protecting the health and safety of all athletes and the integrity of the women’s category ( IOC, 2015 , p. 2). This new regulation was prompted by the “growing recognition of
occurrence rate of 6-20% of the general adult population and 5-10% of teenage girls. One of the main criteria of this syndrome is a hyper-androgenism. More than 50% of women with PCOS are overweight. Physical activity and exercise play a major role in the treatment of PCOS. The purpose of the present study
Margot A. Rogers, Michael K. Drew, Renee Appaneal, Greg Lovell, Bronwen Lundy, David Hughes, Nicole Vlahovich, Gordon Waddington, and Louise M. Burke
Sciences, 31 ( 12 ), 1319 – 1331 . PubMed ID: 23631711 doi:10.1080/02640414.2013.781661 10.1080/02640414.2013.781661 Hagmar , M. , Berglund , B. , Brismar , K. , & Hirschberg , A.L. ( 2009 ). Hyperandrogenism may explain reproductive dysfunction in Olympic athletes . Medicine and Science in
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