, which has associated respiratory, skeletal, muscle tone, cardiac, and other physical problems, in addition to intellectual impairment. Other co-morbid health issues arise from damage to the central nervous system occurring prenatally or postnatally. These conditions include epilepsy, cerebral palsy, and
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Rosanna Gilderthorp, Jan Burns, and Fergal Jones
Kelly P. Arbour-Nicitopoulos, Celina Shirazipour, and Krystn Orr
research regarding sport for individuals with intellectual impairment. Individuals with intellectual impairment are a growing focus for researchers in disability sport and exercise, and the chapter acknowledges the need for researchers to fill key knowledge gaps, particularly as they relate to
Marte Bentzen, Danielle Alexander, Gordon A. Bloom, and Göran Kenttä
, n.d. ). Coaches for athletes with intellectual impairments were excluded from this scoping review because the categorization of intellectual impairment is more complex and challenging than functional and visual impairments ( Pickering Francis, 2005 ; van Dijk, Daďová, Martínková, 2017 ). In
J.P. Barfield, Stephanie Williams, Madison R. Currie, and Xiuyan Guo
& Vanlandewijck, 2011 ). Surveys have been the predominant methodological tool used to establish a sport performance model for a variety of sports including basketball for persons with intellectual impairments ( Polo et al., 2017 ), wheelchair rugby ( Wu, 2001 ), swimming ( Ravensbergen et al., 2018 ), and
Lorenna Tussis, Suzie Lemmey, and Jan Burns
ID will result from the overall accumulation and impact of these underlying health impairments. Sports Classification and Athletes With Intellectual Disabilities High-performing athletes with ID currently compete through Virtus: World Intellectual Impairment Sport which is an International
Jacqueline Martins Patatas, Jens De Rycke, Veerle De Bosscher, and Rafael Lima Kons
15.92 26–30 51 15.32 31–35 49 14.71 36–40 48 14.41 41–45 56 16.82 >40 43 12.91 Sex Female 97 28.11 Male 248 71.88 Impairment group Physical impairment 297 86.08 Visual impairment 38 11.01 Intellectual impairment 10 2.89 Wheelchair Wheelchair user 150 43.47 Nature of impairment Congenital 156 45
Max R. McKenzie, Luke W. Hogarth, Mark R. McKean, Danielle P. Doyle, and Brendan J. Burkett
able-bodied swimmers, with 5 qualifying for the Tokyo Paralympic Games. The Paralympic swimmers’ impairment profiles were visual impairment, intellectual impairment, and limb deficiency. None of these impairment profiles were considered to have an impact on the response to heating or the relationship
Janet Robertson, Eric Emerson, Susannah Baines, and Chris Hatton
there is little evidence on physical activity levels in children and youth with intellectual disability. 18 For children and adolescents with physical disabilities, intellectual impairment has been found to be consistently and negatively associated with physical activity. 19 Small-scale studies have
Yetsa A. Tuakli-Wosornu, Xiang Li, Kimberly E. Ona Ayala, Yinfei Wu, Michael Amick, and David B. Frumberg
of classification for physical, vision and intellectual impairments . In Y.C. Vanlandewijck & W.R. Thompson (Eds.), Training and coaching the Paralympic athlete (pp. 122 – 149 ). John Wiley & Sons . Tweedy , S.M. , & Vanlandewijck , Y.C. ( 2011 ). International Paralympic Committee
Kim Gammage, Rachel Arnold, Nicole Bolter, Angela Coppola, Thomas Curran, Lori Dithurbide, Karl Erickson, Larkin Lamarche, Sean Locke, Luc Martin, and Kathleen Wilson
of service members and veterans with physical, sensory, or intellectual impairments as well as physical and psychological illnesses (i.e., cancer, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression). To achieve its goals, the British Broadcasting Corporation provided extensive television coverage of the
