instep kick in young soccer players. In fact, just a few authors investigated the kinematic pattern during the instep kick and the differences between dominant and nondominant legs in young athletes, and basing on our best knowledge, no one investigated the differences in the 10–12 age band. Recently
Search Results
Dominant and Nondominant Leg Kinematics During Kicking in Young Soccer Players: A Cross-Sectional Study
Francesco Frontani, Marco Prenassi, Viviana Paolini, Giovanni Formicola, Sara Marceglia, and Francesca Policastro
Validity and Reliability of a Kinematic Device for Measuring the Force Developed during Squatting
Abderrehmane Rahmani, Georges Dalleau, Fabrice Viale, Christophe A. Hautier, and Jean-René Lacour
This study determined the validity and reliability of the kinematic device developed by Bosco et al. (1995) by comparing its peak force, peak velocity, and peak power measurements to data obtained simultaneously with a force platform placed under the subject’s feet. Fifteen international downhill skiers performed maximal half-squats on a guided barbell with masses of 60–180 kg. The coefficient of correlation (r) between the two peak forces (r = 0.85–0.95, p < .001), the two peak velocities (r = 0.74–0.91, p < .001), and the two peak powers (r = 0.85–0.95, p < .001) indicated that the kinematic device measurements were valid. The trial-to-trial reliability of half-squat exercises measured by the kinematic device gave an intraclass coefficient of correlation (CR) of: 0.70-0.90 for peak force, 0.62-0.90 for peak velocity, and 0.57-0.91 for peak power. There were no statistical differences between the two trials. The standard error of the means (SEM%) was less than 5% for peak force, less than 4% for peak velocity, and less than 7% for power. The high CR and low SEM% indicate that the kinematic device is reliable. The movement recorded by the kinematic device accurately described the action measured by the force platform.
Agreement Between Sagittal Foot and Tibia Angles During Running Derived From an Open-Source Markerless Motion Capture Platform and Manual Digitization
Caleb D. Johnson, Jereme Outerleys, and Irene S. Davis
measures has required either the manual or the automated digitization of anatomical points on the body. Traditional methods of digitization have been labor-intensive and involve significant processing time, especially in the case of 3-dimensional kinematics. Recently, advancements in computer vision
Knee Frontal Plane Projection Angle: A Comparison Study Between Drop Vertical Jump and Step-Down Tests With Young Volleyball Athletes
Gabriel Andrade Paz, Marianna de Freitas Maia, Haroldo Gualter Santana, Humberto Miranda, Vicente Lima, and John D. Willson
reason for the disparity in the number of serious knee injuries, such as ACL rupture, between male and female athletes. 11 , 15 Greater knee valgus angles and interlimb hip and knee joint sagittal and frontal plane kinematic asymmetries are reported to be more common in females compared with males. 5
Biomechanical Analysis of the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper-Extremity Stability Test
Helga T. Tucci, Lilian R. Felicio, Kevin J. McQuade, Debora Bevilaqua-Grossi, Paula Maria Ferreira Camarini, and Anamaria S. Oliveira
Context:
The closed kinetic chain upper-extremity stability (CKCUES) test is a functional test for the upper extremity performed in the push-up position, where individuals support their body weight on 1 hand placed on the ground and swing the opposite hand until touching the hand on the ground, then switch hands and repeat the process as fast as possible for 15 s.
Objective:
To study scapular kinematic and kinetic measures during the CKCUES test for 3 different distances between hands.
Design:
Experimental.
Setting:
Laboratory.
Participants:
30 healthy individuals (15 male, 15 female).
Main Outcome Measures:
Participants performed 3 repetitions of the test at 3 distance conditions: original (36 in), interacromial, and 150% interacromial distance between hands. Participants completed a questionnaire on pain intensity and perceived exertion before and after the procedures. Scapular internal/external rotation, upward/downward rotation, and posterior/anterior tilting kinematics and kinetic data on maximum force and time to maximum force were measured bilaterally in all participants. Percentage of body weight on upper extremities was calculated. Data analyses were based on the total numbers of hand touches performed for each distance condition, and scapular kinematics and kinetic values were averaged over the 3 trials. Scapular kinematics, maximum force, and time to maximum force were compared for the 3 distance conditions within each gender. Significance level was set at α = .05.
Results:
Scapular internal rotation, posterior tilting, and upward rotation were significantly greater in the dominant side for both genders. Scapular upward rotation was significantly greater in original distance than interacromial distance in swing phase. Time to maximum force in women was significantly greater in the dominant side.
Conclusion:
CKCUES test kinematic and kinetic measures were not different among 3 conditions based on distance between hands. However, the test might not be suitable for initial or mild-level rehabilitation due to its challenging requirements.
Biomechanical Comparison between Elite Female and Male Baseball Pitchers
Yungchien Chu, Glenn S. Fleisig, Kathy J. Simpson, and James R. Andrews
The purpose of the current study was to identify the biomechanical features of elite female baseball pitching. Kinematics and kinetics of eleven elite female baseball pitchers were reported and compared with eleven elite male pitchers. Results suggested that females share many similarities with males in pitching kinematics, with a few significant differences. Specifically, at the instant of stride foot contact, a female pitcher had a shorter and more open stride and less separation between pelvis orientation and upper torso orientation. From foot contact to ball release, a female pitcher produced lower peak angular velocity for throwing elbow extension and stride knee extension. Ball velocity was lower for the female. Foot contact to ball release took more time for a female pitcher. Maximal proximal forces at the shoulder and elbow joints were less for a female pitcher.
Single-Leg Landing Strategy after Knee-Joint Cryotherapy
Joseph M. Hart, Jamie L. Leonard, and Christopher D. Ingersoll
Context:
Despite recent findings regarding lower extremity function after cryotherapy, little is known of the neuromuscular, kinetic, and kinematic changes that might occur during functional tasks.
Objective:
To evaluate changes in ground-reaction forces, muscle activity, and knee-joint flexion during single-leg landings after 20-minute knee-joint cryotherapy.
Design:
1 × 4 repeated-measures, time-series design.
Setting:
Research laboratory.
Patients or Other Participants:
20 healthy male and female subjects.
Intervention:
Subjects performed 5 single-leg landings before, immediately after, and 15 and 30 minutes after knee-joint cryo-therapy.
Main Outcome Measures:
Ground-reaction force, knee-joint flexion, and muscle activity of the gastrocnemius, hamstrings, quadriceps, and gluteus medius.
Results:
Cryotherapy did not significantly (P > .05) change maximum knee-joint flexion, vertical ground-reaction force, or average muscle activity during a single-leg landing.
Conclusion:
Knee-joint cryotherapy might not place the lower extremity at risk for injury during landing.
Immediate Effect of Ankle Mobilization on Range of Motion, Dynamic Knee Valgus, and Knee Pain in Women With Patellofemoral Pain and Ankle Dorsiflexion Restriction: A Randomized Controlled Trial With 48-Hour Follow-Up
Bruno Augusto Lima Coelho, Helena Larissa das Neves Rodrigues, Gabriel Peixoto Leão Almeida, and Sílvia Maria Amado João
, 13 Regarding the factors associated with excessive dynamic knee valgus, it has been proposed that the restriction of ankle dorsiflexion in a closed kinetic chain can lead to excessive tibia internal rotation and excessive hip adduction and internal rotation. 11 , 14 , 15 Together, these kinematic
Scapular Kinematics by Sex Across Elevation Planes
Bryan R. Picco, Meghan E. Vidt, and Clark R. Dickerson
data for comparison, although a benchmark is unavailable 5 for sex-specific scapular kinematics. Characteristics of male and female anatomy, including anthropometry and segment masses, 6 quantity of skeletal muscle mass, 7 and muscle activation patterns, 8 may contribute to different scapular
Kinematic Gait Patterns in Competitive and Recreational Runners
Christian A. Clermont, Sean T. Osis, Angkoon Phinyomark, and Reed Ferber
Research has shown that certain homogeneous subgroups demonstrate distinct kinematic patterns in running. For example, running patterns have been reported in subgroups related to sex, 1 – 3 running mileage, 4 foot strike patterns, 5 – 9 and running economy. 10 – 12 Running economy is often
