benefits effected by a lifetime of physical activity participation, long-term adherence may facilitate higher levels of older adults’ activity. While various studies have examined a large number of determinants on older adults’ activity, few indications suggest an effect of lifespan activity on activity
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Oliver Vogel, Daniel Niederer, Jan Wilke, Maike Steinmann, and Lutz Vogt
Zoe Louise Moffat, Paul Joseph McCarthy, Lindsey Burns, and Bryan McCann
developmental stage will inform the psychological processes shaping this presentation and highlight avenues of action ( Visek et al., 2013 ). When working with clients, sport psychologists may then consider life-span models that offer an account of the interplay between biological, environmental, and
Anthony Campitelli, Sally Paulson, Jennifer Vincenzo, Jordan M. Glenn, Joshua L. Gills, Megan D. Jones, Melissa Powers, and Michelle Gray
lifespan in both humans and animal models ( Alcazar et al., 2020 ; Brooks & Faulkner, 1994 ; Metter et al., 1997 ). Muscular power declines almost 10% per decade after age 30 ( Martin et al., 2000 ), potentially reducing physical functioning later in life. Lower-body muscular power has been assessed
Adrián Hernández-Vicente, Alejandro Santos-Lozano, Carmen Mayolas-Pi, Gabriel Rodríguez-Romo, Helios Pareja-Galeano, Natalia Bustamante, Eva M. Gómez-Trullén, Alejandro Lucia, and Nuria Garatachea
trait, some authors say that nongenetic factors, including diet, PA, health habits, and psychosocial factors contribute approximately 50% of the variability in human lifespan with another 25% explained by genetic differences ( Rea, Dellet, & Mills, 2016 ). In our study, both groups were more active
Karl M. Newell and Steven Morrison
This paper presents a framework for an evolving dynamical landscape of movement forms and their stability over the lifespan. It is proposed that the complexity and dimensionality of movement forms can expand and contract on a number of growth/decay time scales of change including those of adaptation, development, and learning. The expansion and contraction is reflected in: (1) the range of potential movement forms of the individual in developmental time; and (2) the dimensionality and complexity of any single movement form at a moment of observation given the confluence of individual, environmental, and task constraints. It is postulated that practice, exercise, and fatigue also coalesce to change the time scales of complexity and dimension of movement forms.
Sara M. Scharoun, David A. Gonzalez, Eric A. Roy, and Pamela J. Bryden
a stimulus compared with the other three movement contexts. The 7-year-olds also displayed more ESC in pantomime without a stimulus; however, this was only in comparison with pantomime with image and glass as a guide. Observing the opposite end of the lifespan, patterns were opposite that of young
Charles H. Hillman, Kirk I. Erickson, and Bradley D. Hatfield
The past two decades have uncovered the beneficial relation of physical activity and other health behaviors on brain and cognition, with the majority of data emerging from older adult populations. More recently, a similar research thread has emerged in school-aged children, which offers insight into the relation of physical activity to scholastic performance, providing a real-world application of the benefits observed in the laboratory. Technological advances have similarly furthered our understanding of physical activity effects on cognitive and brain health. Given this emerging body of work, this manuscript reviews the basic findings within the field, but more importantly suggests triggers or signals from the emerging literature that will shape the field in the near future. The overall goal of this body of research is to increase cognitive and brain health to promote effective functioning of individuals across the lifespan.
Janet S. Dufek, John A. Mercer, Kaori Teramoto, Brent C. Mangus, and Julia A. Freedman
Context:
Impact is known to cause injury during running, while variability is thought to promote healthy performance.
Objective:
Quantify contributions of the lower extremity and back and the variability of impact generation among (1) prepubescent girls (Grp 1), (2) normally menstruating women (Grp 2), and (3) postmenopausal women (Grp 3) to address possible lifespan changes during running.
Design:
A mixed model experiment.
Setting:
Biomechanics Laboratory.
Participants:
31 healthy females owing membership to Grp1, Grp 2, or Grp 3.
Intervention:
Participants ran on a treadmill at their preferred speed (45 s) and at a speed 10% faster (45 s) while instrumented with uniaxial accelerometers.
Main Outcome Measures:
Lower extremity attenuation, back attenuation and variability of peak impact acceleration values.
Results:
Lower extremity attenuation and variability were greatest for Grp 1 while impact variability was least for Grp 2.
Conclusion:
Lifespan phases appear to affect impact attenuation strategies and variability of impact during running for females.
Tania S. Flink and Alexandra N. Iorio
This study examined changes in manual asymmetry across the lifespan using the Purdue pegboard protocol. One hundred and four right-handed individuals were recruited and separated by age decade. Individuals placed pegs into holes as fast as possible in 30 s using the right hand, left hand, and both hands simultaneously. Movements with the right hand were significantly faster than the left hand and for both hands for all age groups. The number of pegs successfully inserted into the holes significantly declined in the sixth decade, and this result was observed for both the right and left hands. No significant differences between the decades were observed with respect to the computed laterality quotient; thus, declines in manual asymmetry with age were not observed. It is suggested that the performance speed declines with age are likely to be due to central factors. Better performance of the right versus left hand across the lifespan supports the right hemi-aging model, and may also be due to practice, the differential roles of the right versus the left hand, and the task itself.
Siobhan B. Mitchell, Anne M. Haase, and Sean P. Cumming
Experiences of puberty and how individuals adapt to puberty may be integral to success in ballet; however, there is a paucity of current research in this area. This study explores the lived experiences of nine professional ballet dancers to capture the journey of negotiating puberty in a ballet context. An interpretative phenomenological analysis approach was employed with semistructured interviews utilized to gather rich, descriptive accounts from nine professional ballet dancers from the United Kingdom and United States. Lived experiences were characterized by conflict and struggle, coming to terms with physical changes and possessing grit and grace in order to successfully negotiate puberty, and to succeed and survive in professional ballet. Accepting physical and esthetic strengths and weaknesses and learning how to adapt or how to compensate for weaknesses was described as pivotal. Factors such as social support, the timing and extent of pubertal changes, dance teacher behaviors, and the ballet training context influenced the extent to which dancers experienced conflict and struggle and how easily they were able to come to terms with their adult physique. Further research is needed to explore the implications of maturing and developing within the context of ballet training and to develop strategies to better facilitate healthy development in ballet.
