Rowing – A Sport With a Higher Risk for Eating Disturbances Despite the fact that lightweight rowing represents a weight-sensitive discipline, little is known about the occurrence of eating disturbances in competitive rowers ( Sykora, Grilo, Wilfley, & Brownell, 1993 ). In rowing, individuals are
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Eating Disturbances in Competitive Lightweight and Heavyweight Rowers
Uta Kraus, Sophie Clara Holtmann, and Tanja Legenbauer
Physical Preparation of a World-Class Lightweight Men’s Double Sculls Team for the Tokyo 2020 Olympics
Jan Boone, Kevin Caen, Maarten Lievens, Gil Bourgois, Alessandro L. Colosio, and Jan G. Bourgois
Lightweight double sculls (LM2x) will be the only lightweight rowing discipline to be retained in the Paris 2024 Olympic Games. With rowing times in LM2x typically ranging between 6 minutes 15 seconds and 6 minutes 40 seconds, rowers require both a high aerobic and anaerobic performance level. 1
Preparation of Former Heavyweight Oarsmen to Compete as Lightweight Rowers Over 16 Weeks: Three Case Studies
Gary J. Slater, Anthony J. Rice, David Jenkins, Jason Gulbin, and Allan G. Hahn
To strengthen the depth of lightweight rowing talent, we sought to identify experienced heavyweight rowers who possessed physique traits that predisposed them to excellence as a lightweight. Identified athletes (n = 3) were monitored over 16 wk. Variables measured included performance, anthropometric indices, and selected biochemical and metabolic parameters. All athletes decreased their body mass (range 2.0 to 8.0 kg), with muscle mass accounting for a large proportion of this (31.7 to 84.6%). Two athletes were able to maintain their performance despite reductions in body mass. However, performance was compromised for the athlete who experienced the greatest weight loss. In summary, smaller heavyweight rowers can successfully make the transition into the lightweight category, being nationally competitive in their first season as a lightweight.
Assessing Prevalence of Eating Disorders and Eating Disorder Symptoms Among Lightweight and Open Weight Collegiate Rowers
Jennifer I. Gapin and Brianna Kearns
Athletes in sports with weight requirements may be especially vulnerable to eating disorders (EDs), yet there is limited research regarding collegiate rowers. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine prevalence rates of ED symptoms in 133 male and female competitive collegiate rowers in lightweight and open weight programs. This is the first study to examine eating pathology in rowers using a diagnostic tool based on DSM-IV criteria, the Q-EDD; and examining ED symptoms using the EDI-2 (drive for thinness [DT] and body dissatisfaction [BD]). The majority of rowers were classified as symptomatic (n = 65; 49%) or clinical (n = 5; 4%). Lightweight rowers had a significantly higher prevalence of eating pathology and a significantly greater DT and BD than open weight rowers. Males had considerably higher prevalence of eating pathology than females, but females had significantly greater BD. Ongoing monitoring of rowers’ eating behaviors is highly encouraged. Implications for counseling and prevention are discussed.
Influence of Sodium Bicarbonate on Performance and Hydration in Lightweight Rowing
Peter D. Kupcis, Gary J. Slater, Cathryn L. Pruscino, and Justin G. Kemp
Purpose:
The effect of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion on prerace hydration status and on 2000 m ergometer performance in elite lightweight rowers was examined using a randomized, cross-over, double-blinded design.
Methods:
To simulate body mass (BM) management strategies common to lightweight rowing, oarsmen reduced BM by approx. 4% in the 24 h preceding the trials, and, in the 2 h before performance, undertook nutritional recovery consisting of mean 43.2 kJ/kg, 2.2 g of CHO per kilogram, 31.8 mg of Na+ per kilogram, 24.3 mL of H2O per kilogram, and NaHCO3 (0.3 g of NaHCO3 per kilogram BM) or placebo (PL; 0.15 g of corn flour per kilogram BM) at 70 to 90 min before racing.
Results:
At 25 min before performance, NaHCO3 had increased blood pH (7.48 ± 0.02 vs PL: 7.41 ± 0.03, P = .005) and bicarbonate concentrations (29.1 ± 1.8 vs PL: 23.9 ± 1.6 mmol/L, P < .001), whereas BM, urine specific gravity, and plasma volume changes were similar between trials. Rowing ergometer times were similar between trials (NaHCO3: 397.8 ± 12.6; PL: 398.6 ± 13.8 s, P = .417), whereas posttest bicarbonate (11.6 ± 2.3 vs 9.4 ± 1.8 mmol/L, P = .003) and lactate concentration increases (13.4 ± 1.7 vs 11.9 ± 1.9 mmol/L, P = .001) were greater with NaHCO3.
Conclusion:
Sodium bicarbonate did not further enhance rehydration or performance in lightweight rowers when undertaking recommended post-weigh-in nutritional recovery strategies.
Making Weight: Lightweight Rowing, Technologies of Power, and Technologies of the Self
Gwen E. Chapman
This paper uses a Foucauldian framework for understanding how human experience is shaped by relations of power to explore the weight management practices of members of a women’s lightweight rowing team. Like other forms of disciplinary power, making weight involves implementing a regimen governed by normalizing assumptions, maintained through self-monitoring, and supported by discourse. The practices of making weight also are examined as a technology of the self that the rowers used to create and understand themselves. The position of women’s sport at the intersection of sports and gender discourse offered the rowers opportunities to oppose relations of power while reinforcing their limits within the confines of a disciplinary matrix.
Fasting and Energy Intake Influence Bone Turnover in Lightweight Male Rowers
Shawn M. Talbott and Sue A. Shapses
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of an acute 24-hr fast versus usual 24-hr dietary intake on markers of bone turnover in collegiate lightweight male rowers. Bone turnover was measured by serum osteocalcin (OC) and urinary excretion of pyridinium cross-links (pyridinoline [PYD] and deoxypyridinoline [DPD]). Fasting subjects (F) (n = 14) reduced body weight by 1.7 ± 0.5 kg but there was no significant change among nonfasting subjects (NF) (n = 13). Following 24 hr of fasting, PYD and DPD were lower in F (14.1 ± 2.2 and 5.2 ± 0.7 nmol/mmol creatinine, respectively) compared to NF (16.4 ± 3.6 and 6.0 ± 0.8 nmol/mmol creatinine) (p < .05). Fasting also reduced OC levels (4.8 ± 0.4 ng/ml) compared to NF (6.1 ± 0.9 ng/ml) (p < .01). Stepwise regression analysis of NF dietary intake indicated that energy intake explained a greater portion of the variation in bone turnover for PYD (34%), DPD (36%), and osteocalcin (46%) compared to other nutrients (p < .05). These results indicate that bone turnover is reduced by 24 hr of fasting and suggest a role for dietary energy intake in regulating bone turnover.
Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport in Male Athletes: A Commentary on Its Presentation Among Selected Groups of Male Athletes
Louise M. Burke, Graeme L. Close, Bronwen Lundy, Martin Mooses, James P. Morton, and Adam S. Tenforde
) • Lightweight rowers may have greater demands than open weight class to maintain low body weight. • Demands on lightweight rowers to maintain low weight over time promotes long-term strategies of prolonged LEA. • Lightweight rowers may be at higher risk for low BMD, rib fractures, and lower testosterone. • Open
Tibial Acceleration Reliability and Minimal Detectable Difference During Overground and Treadmill Running
Kevin G. Aubol, Jillian L. Hawkins, and Clare E. Milner
acceleration with a lightweight triaxial accelerometer mounted on the distal tibia. The MDDs were small for both peak axial and peak resultant tibial acceleration measured during overground and treadmill running. To compare these findings with the literature, the MDDs reported during overground running by Van
Tibial Accelerations During the Single-Leg Hop Test: Influence of Fixation
Hannah W. Tucker, Emily R. Tobin, and Matthew F. Moran
study was to evaluate the influence of fixation method of a lightweight IMU device mounted to the tibia during SLH landing. The most commonly reported fixation method (DST) was compared with a silicon strap with Velcro adhesion (SS). It was hypothesized that SS would produce comparable acceleration
