Using objectification theory (Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997), this study tested the interaction between self-objectification, appearance evaluation, and self-esteem in predicting body satisfaction and mood states. Participants (N = 93) were physically active female university students. State self-objectification was manipulated by participants wearing tight revealing exercise attire (experimental condition) or baggy exercise clothes (control condition). Significant interactions emerged predicting depression, anger, fatness, and satisfaction with body shape and size. For participants in the self-objectification condition who had low (as opposed to high) appearance evaluation, low self-esteem was associated with high depression, anger, and fatness and low satisfaction with body shape and size. In contrast, for participants with high self-esteem, these mood and body satisfaction states were more favorable irrespective of their levels of appearance evaluation. For female exercisers, self-esteem-enhancing strategies may protect against some of the negative outcomes of self-objectification.
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Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani, Nikos Ntoumanis, Jennifer Cumming, Kimberley J. Bartholomew, and Gemma Pearce
Spencer E. Boyle, Melissa A. Fothergill, John Metcalfe, Sarah Docherty, and Crystal F. Haskell-Ramsay
factor, with positive effects on cognition emerging after 20 minutes of exercise, whereas decrements have been observed when exercising for 2 hours or more. 19 Mood effects may also play a role in the acute exercise–cognition relationship, with exercise durations ranging from 5 to 60 minutes showing
Maggie Evans, Kelly J. Rohan, Jonah Meyerhoff, Richard J. Norton, and Jeremy S. Sibold
with lower depression symptoms, and higher depression symptoms are associated with lower physical activity over time ( Pinto Pereira et al., 2014 ). Experimental studies support a causal relationship between physical activity and mental health. The mood-enhancing properties of exercise are supported by
Jolly Roy
mood. The aim was to understand her patterns, any environmental trigger for maladaptive cognitions and emotions (e.g., presence of any significant others, opponents) and then reinforce adaptive behaviors for successful performance. My initial interactions with the athlete elicited a brief sporting
James Annesi
factors to controlled eating. 6 For example, physical activity–induced improvements in mood were shown to reduce emotional eating and decrease weight in women with a BMI of 30 to 40 kg/m 2 . 7 An improved understanding of interrelations of physical activity and psychosocial factors, including those of
Fleur Pawsey, Jennifer Hoi Ki Wong, Göran Kenttä, and Katharina Näswall
’Connor & Bennie, 2006 ; Olusoga et al., 2019 ). Symptoms of coach burnout include depressed mood and low energy levels, sleep disturbances, and ruminative thought patterns ( Bentzen, Lemyre, & Kenttä, 2014 ), as well as feelings of cynicism toward and disengagement from athletes ( Lundkvist, Gustafsson, Hjälm
Monna Arvinen-Barrow, Nathan Maresh, and Jennifer Earl-Boehm
adherence to/compliance (ie, a behavior) with treatment, 17 – 19 maintaining positive mood 17 , 18 , 20 (ie, an affect), and having confidence in returning back to activity 20 , 21 (ie, a cognition). Conceptually, the aforementioned connections between physical and psychological factors are explained
Sophie E. Carter, Richard Draijer, Andrew Thompson, Dick H.J. Thijssen, and Nicola D. Hopkins
reduce workplace SB and improve cognition. 17 Mood has also been shown to influence work productivity, 18 , 19 with workers in a positive mood demonstrating more efficiency and effectiveness in their job roles. 20 , 21 Furthermore, positive affect is positively related to task performance and
Theresa E. Gildner, J. Josh Snodgrass, Clare Evans, and Paul Kowal
included three commonly used measures of subjective well-being: (a) subjective QOL, (b) self-rated happiness, and (c) reported mood ( Diener et al., 2003 ). These generally relate to two important aspects of psychological well-being: evaluative well-being (or life satisfaction) and hedonic well
Robert A. Carels, Carissa Coit, Kathleen Young, and Bonnie Berger
Whereas exercise-induced mood enhancement has been well documented, the relationship between mood and exercise participation is less well understood. Mood states influence evaluative judgments that could plausibly influence a decision to exercise. Further, most exercise-mood research is limited to normal weight adults in response to a single exercise session. The current investigation examines the influence of (a) morning mood on exercise, (b) exercise intensity/duration on mood enhancement, and (c) daily change in mood on exercise days compared with nonexercise days in obese behavioral weight loss program (BWLP) participants. Participants (N = 36) recorded morning, evening, and pre- and postexercise mood, as well as the type, duration, and intensity of exercise. Within-person analyses indicated that (a) morning mood was associated with an increased likelihood of exercising, (b) mood ratings were higher following exercise of greater intensity and duration, and (c) daily mood enhancement was associated with greater exercise initiation and greater exercise intensity. Measuring mood before and after exercise may yield important clinical information that can be used to promote physical activity in obese adults.
