, sports, and so on) can be influenced by training. However, in contrast to athletes or dancers, the training methods of theater performers usually do not take the principles of motor learning into account. Rather, they are trained by theater pedagogues or other performers who follow their own empirical
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Unravelling Motor Learning Processes in Theater Performers
Emmanuel Jacobs, Ann Hallemans, Jan Gielen, Luc Van den Dries, Annouk Van Moorsel, Jonas Rutgeerts, and Nathalie A. Roussel
Erratum. Do Fundamental Movement Skill Domains in Early Childhood Predict Engagement in Physical Activity of Varied Intensities Later at School Age? A 3-Year Longitudinal Study
Journal of Motor Learning and Development
varied intensities later at school age? A 3-year longitudinal study. Journal of Motor Learning and Development . Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2023-0004 After this article was published ahead of print in the Journal of Motor Learning and Development, the authors obtained a
Combining Unassisted and Robot-Guided Practice Benefits Motor Learning for a Golf Putting Task
Stephen R. Bested, Gerome A. Manson, and Luc Tremblay
on motor learning remains underwhelming outside of the context of simple aiming tasks. In contrast, error amplification during robotic guidance has yielded results that seem to be relatively permanent (e.g., Marchal-Crespo et al., 2014 ; Williams et al., 2016 ). For example, Williams et
Underpowered and Overworked: Problems With Data Analysis in Motor Learning Studies
Keith Lohse, Taylor Buchanan, and Matthew Miller
Appropriate statistical analysis is essential for accurate and reliable research. Statistical practices have an immediate impact on the perceived results of a single study but also remote effects on the dissemination of information among scientists and the cumulative nature of research. To accurately quantify potential problems facing the field of motor learning, we systematically reviewed publications from seven journals over the past 2 years to find experiments that tested the effects of different training conditions on delayed retention and transfer tests (i.e., classic motor learning paradigms). Eighteen studies were included. These studies had small sample sizes (Mdn n/group = 11.00, interquartile range [IQR]= 9.6–15.5), multiple dependent variables (Mdn = 2, IQR = 2–4), and many statistical tests per article (Mdn = 83.5, IQR = 55.8–112.5). The observed effect sizes were large (d = 0.71, IQR = 0.49, 1.11). However, the distribution of effect sizes was biased, t(16) = 3.48, p < .01. These metadata indicate problems with the way motor learning research is conducted (or at least published). We recommend several potential solutions to address these issues: a priori power calculations, prespecified analyses, data sharing, and dissemination of null results. Furthermore, we hope these data will spark serious action from all stakeholders (researchers, editorial boards, and publishers) in the field.
Motor Learning: Reflections on the Past 40 Years of Research
Timothy D. Lee and Heather Carnahan
At the time of publication of Brooks’s ( 1981 ) book on the academic discipline of kinesiology, the field of motor learning had died or at least been given last rites. Many investigators who had studied how motor skills are improved with practice had since turned their attention to movement control
The Effectiveness of Constant, Variable, Random, and Blocked Practice in Speech-Motor Learning
Ramesh Kaipa, Michael Robb, and Richard Jones
In this experiment, we investigated the role of practice variability (constant versus variable practice) and practice schedule (random versus blocked practice) on spatial and temporal learning of a speech task as a function of aging. The participants were 80 healthy individuals (40–80 years) with no history of cognitive, sensory, or motor disorders. A median split was performed to divide the participants into older and younger groups. The median split was at 59 years of age, thus placing 40 participants in each age group. The participants were assigned to one of four practice groups and practiced a nonmeaningful phrase for two consecutive days. On the third day, the participants reproduced the speech phrase without practice. Data analysis revealed that older participants involved in constant practice demonstrated superior temporal learning of the speech task over participants on variable practice. Older participants on random practice demonstrated better spatial learning of the speech task than did participants on blocked practice. In contrast, there was no effect of practice conditions on spatial and temporal learning outcomes in the younger group. The findings indicate that practice variability and practice schedule influence different aspects of a complex speech-motor learning task among older adults but not among younger adults.
The Effect of Choice on Motor Learning for Learners With Different Levels of Intrinsic Motivation
Sachi Ikudome, Kou Kou, Kisho Ogasa, Shiro Mori, and Hiroki Nakamoto
It is a common goal of all athletes to attain a higher level of performance. Therefore, it is important to understand whether a practice strategy that is known to have a positive effect on the acquisition of motor skills is equally effective for everyone. In the field of motor learning, several
Freezing Degrees of Freedom During Motor Learning: A Systematic Review
Anderson Nascimento Guimarães, Herbert Ugrinowitsch, Juliana Bayeux Dascal, Alessandra Beggiato Porto, and Victor Hugo Alves Okazaki
.7326/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135 Newell , K.M. , & Vaillancourt , D.E. ( 2001 ). Dimensional change in motor learning . Human Movement Science, 20 ( 4 ), 695 – 715 . doi:10.1016/S0167-9457(01)00073-2 10.1016/S0167-9457(01)00073-2 Newell , K.M. , & van Emmerik , R.E.A. ( 1989 ). The acquisition of coordination: Preliminary
The Effects of Expecting to Teach and Actually Teaching on Motor Learning
Jence A. Rhoads, Marcos Daou, Keith R. Lohse, and Matthew W. Miller
is thought to occur explicitly, and is frequently indexed by determining how many facts can be recalled; in the case of motor learning, these facts are about the skill being learned. Interestingly, declarative knowledge may cause motor learning to occur in an inefficient manner, whereby the learned
Mastering Motor Skills: The Contributions of Motor Learning and Motor Development to the Growth and Maturation of Kinesiology
David I. Anderson
, highlighting the contributions of NAK Fellows, and then to reflect on the current status of the subdiscipline, critical issues, and future directions. My contemporary NAK colleagues made my task straightforward because they had already painted much of the rich history of motor learning and development in their
