This study examined the relative ways in which muscularity and thinness concerns longitudinally influence adolescents’ intentions to use doping substances. It was hypothesized that muscularity and thinness exert their effects on doping intentions by promoting endorsement of positive attitudes toward doping use in male and female adolescents and across different levels of sport involvement. To test this hypothesis, nearly 900 high school adolescents provided questionnaire data on two separate occasions during an academic year. On average, boys, as well as boys and girls who practice some sport, had relatively strong concerns about muscularity, whereas girls showed relatively strong thinness concerns. Boys also expressed more positive attitudes about doping than did girls. Structural equation modeling showed that muscularity and thinness have direct effects on adolescents’ intentions to engage in doping and that muscularity, but not thinness, partly exerts its effects through the endorsement of positive attitudes toward doping.
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Arnaldo Zelli, Fabio Lucidi, and Luca Mallia
Maarten K.N. Stessel, Imelda J.M. de Groot, and Mariska M.H.P. Janssen
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive X-linked disorder characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness, resulting in loss of functional abilities. Functional deterioration leads to loss of independence and a reduced quality of life ( 2 ). As a result, it is important to
Kellyanne J. Redman, Logan Wade, Vincent G. Kelly, Mark J. Connick, and Emma M. Beckman
Muscular power is a fundamental physical attribute of rugby league and is required for optimal performance during competition. 1 A player’s ability to generate high levels of muscle power is necessary for sprinting, tackling, wrestling, playing-the-ball, and passing during competition. 1 Previous
Lütfiye Akkurt, İpek Alemdaroğlu Gürbüz, Ayşe Karaduman, and Öznur Tunca Yilmaz
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common neuromuscular disease, seen in 1 in every 3600 live male births. DMD occurs as a result of many mutations in the dystrophin gene of the X chromosome. The mean age of diagnosis, when symptoms are first seen, is 4 years ( 5 , 17 , 28 ). Clinically
Theodore Kent Kessinger, Bridget Melton, Theresa Miyashita, and Greg Ryan
Clinical Scenario Resistance training (RT) is a common and well-accepted method for the development of muscular strength, power, and hypertrophy. Numerous studies have been undertaken to provide insight into the differences between the frequency of training, 1 – 6 number of muscle groups exercised
José Messias Rodrigues da Silva, Marcia Uchoa de Rezende, Tânia Carvalho Spada, Lucila da Silva Francisco, Helenilson Pereira dos Santos, Robson de Andrade Souza, Júlia Maria D'Andréa Greve, and Emmanuel Gomes Ciolac
effects at early age when the young population is physically inactive. 2 In addition, low muscle mass and strength are also important risk factors for developing KOA. 4 , 5 , 7 The purpose of this study was to assess the role of PA in muscular and functional capacity in individuals with KOA submitted to
Luca Cavaggioni, Athos Trecroci, Damiano Formenti, Luke Hogarth, Massimiliano Tosin, and Giampietro Alberti
; Weston et al., 2015 ), providing a more stable body position in the water ( Dingley et al., 2014 ). Finally, upper body muscular power plays a central role in swimming performance. It has been shown that maximum strength in the bench press explained 50–65% of the performance variance during 50- and 100
Nadège Tebbache and Alain Hamaoui
; Vander Linden et al., 1994 ) or did not normalize the EMG amplitude, thus giving little information about the level of muscular activity needed and reducing the possibility of adequate comparisons between subjects. This has resulted in a paucity of information about the whole-body muscular activity
Mário A.M. Simim, Gustavo R. da Mota, Moacir Marocolo, Bruno V.C. da Silva, Marco Túlio de Mello, and Paul S. Bradley
their physical capacity, it is very difficult to objectively verify fatigue using time-motion analysis alone. Fatigue in AS might also be highly complex, and thus, time-motion characteristics and game-induced decrements in neuromuscular measures (i.e., muscular endurance and power) must also be
Nicholas M. Pilli, Tyler J. Kybartas, Kristen M. Lagally, and Kelly R. Laurson
diabetes, and all-cause mortality ( 8 , 9 ). The prevalence of MetS in US adults approximates 33% ( 20 ). With no consensus on the definition of pediatric MetS, estimating the prevalence in this group is difficult but ranges from 4% to 15% of youth ( 4 – 6 ). Muscular strength has proven to be an important
