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(eg, scapular, sagittal), or movement phase (raising, lowering). A recent review 9 suggests that different populations have divergent scapular kinematics associated with shoulder impingement; however, the influence of population contributing to inconsistent results across studies is undefined

, bone health, respiration, muscle function, temperature regulations, and fluid balance. 1 , 2 Relative to exercise, elevations in the SSH during the MC at ovulation and the luteal phase induces lower blood lactate responses, increases fat oxidation, and reduces glycogen utilization during exercise. 1

again to 36.3 (2.7) minutes between 2004 and 2010. 10 However, BIP can also be further split into attacking and defensive phases for rugby union, which often occur in isolation without the transition between attack and defense and therefore are often trained separately. Despite this, little is known

sprint velocity. 1 , 6 – 8 In this context, an important role has been attributed to hamstring mechanics. 6 , 9 , 10 Within the last 5 years, a growing body of research investigated the late swing phase. 4 , 7 , 11 Within this movement phase, the hamstrings’ major action occurs while the knee joint

Continuous relative phase (CRP) is an analysis technique used to study joint coordination and variability in human movement. 1 CRP is based in dynamic systems theory and quantifies the phase relationship between 2 body segments. 2 A recent review suggests that the most robust approach of

neuromusculoskeletal system to organize, regulate, and produce locomotion. 7 – 9 Although people with a typical gait pattern tend to axially rotate the pelvis and thorax in phase at lower walking speeds and exhibit phase differences (antiphase) at higher velocities, 4 , 6 individuals with gait pathologies, such as

in 6-month-old infants’ overall motor activity during the course of an interaction sequence with their mothers, where short silent phases alternated with short singing phases. Adopting a dynamic approach to development (e.g.,  Fogel, 1992 ; Smith & Thelen, 2003 ), we assumed that before they are

increase in the forward velocity of the center of gravity during the support phase at higher speeds. As running speed during over-ground accelerated sprinting increases, propulsive force and impulse decrease, while braking force and impulse increase, resulting in a decrease in net anterior

conditioning program. Although empirical evidence is lacking, differences in adaptive responses may be observed among players on a team during specific training phases (eg, overreaching and tapering). One of the most important training phases during the competitive season is the peaking phase. The peaking

), commonly measured by the bioimpedance-derived values termed as resistance and reactance. The relationship between resistance and reactance can be expressed as the phase angle (PhA) score, which represents the tissue conductivity and cellular health. Some recent studies have shown that PhA is associated