individuals interact, and for children, they include adult-led organized group settings such as classrooms, youth club groups, after-school programs, and youth sport teams. Community population health outcomes are dependent upon the interactions within behavior setting environments, while individual outcomes
Search Results
A Protocol for a Local Community Monitoring and Feedback System for Physical Activity in Organized Group Settings for Children
Ann M. Essay, Michaela A. Schenkelberg, Mary J. Von Seggern, Marisa S. Rosen, Chelsey R. Schlechter, Richard R. Rosenkranz, and David A. Dzewaltowski
Measuring Active Transportation on National Health Surveys in Canada From 1994 to 2020
Parya Borhani, Kathryn L. Walker, Gregory P. Butler, Valérie Lavergne, Gisèle Contreras, and Stephanie A. Prince
to active health surveys. Where possible, walking for AT was reported separately from cycling for AT. Study Population We assessed AT behaviors in Canadian youth and adults (aged 12+ y) as measured through Canada’s population health surveys. We further divided respondents into 12–17 years (youth), 18
“Sport is Double-Edged”: A Delphi Study of Spectator Sport and Population Health
Brennan K. Berg, Yuhei Inoue, Matthew T. Bowers, and Packianathan Chelladurai
, relevance, and prospects for interdisciplinary collaboration ( Chalip, 2006 ; Chalip et al., 2010 ; Costa, 2005 ; Doherty, 2012 ). For instance, the role sport may have in promoting the health of the population, or population health , has been widely examined by sport management scholars ( Berg et
Evaluating the Population Health Impact of Physical Activity Interventions in Primary Care—Are We Asking the Right Questions?
Elizabeth G. Eakin, Ben J. Smith, and Adrian E. Bauman
Background:
This article evaluates the extent to which the literature on primary care-based physical activity interventions informs the translation of research into practice and identifies priorities for future research.
Methods:
Relevant databases were searched for: (1) descriptive studies of physician barriers to physical activity counseling (n = 8), and (2) reviews of the literature on primary care-based physical activity intervention studies (n = 9). The RE-AIM framework was used to guide the evaluation.
Results:
Lack of time, limited patient receptiveness, lack of remuneration, and limited counseling skills are the predominant barriers to physical activity counselling. Issues of internal validity (i.e., effectiveness and implementation) have received much more attention in the literature than have issues of external validity (i.e., reach and adoption).
Conclusions:
The research agenda for primary care-based physical activity interventions needs greater attention to the feasibility of adoption by busy primary care staff, generalizability, and dissemination.
Spectator Sport and Population Health: A Scoping Study
Yuhei Inoue, Brennan K. Berg, and Packianathan Chelladurai
This article examines the current state of research regarding the effect of spectator sport on population health. We conducted a scoping study that involved a comprehensive search of published and gray literature between 1990 and 2014, and identified 135 studies empirically examining the effect of spectator sport on population health. A frequency analysis shows that there is a paucity of studies on this topic published in sport management journals. A thematic analysis further reveals that the reviewed studies can be classified into nine research themes depicting the relationships among certain categories of spectator sport and population health. Based on this scoping study, we develop a framework and identify several gaps in the literature that should be addressed to advance our understanding of the relationship between spectator sport and population health.
Physical Activity and Public Health: Four Decades of Progress
Sarah K. Keadle, Eduardo E. Bustamante, and Matthew P. Buman
between PA and a disease outcome) and surveillance, the monitoring of population health trends; (b) health promotion and policy development, such as interventions to improve and promote activity, communication strategies to inform and educate, and the implementation of policies, plans, laws, and other
Physical Activity Matters: Associations Among Body Mass Index, Physical Activity, and Health-Related Quality of Life Trajectories Over 10 Years
David Feeny, Rochelle Garner, Julie Bernier, Amanda Thompson, Bentson H. McFarland, Nathalie Huguet, Mark S. Kaplan, Nancy A. Ross, and Chris M. Blanchard
Background:
The objective of this study was to assess the associations among body mass index (BMI), leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and health-related quality of life (HRQL) trajectories among adults.
Methods:
Self-reported data were drawn from the Canadian National Population Health Survey, with respondents being interviewed every 2 years between 1996–97 and 2006–07. Using growth curve modeling, HRQL trajectories for individuals aged 18 and over were associated with measures of BMI and LTPA. Growth models were constructed separately for males and females.
Results:
Findings suggested that, for males, BMI categories had little impact on baseline HRQL, and no impact on the rate of change in HRQL. Among women, higher BMI categories were associated with significantly lower baseline HRQL. However, BMI had no impact on the rate of change of HRQL. Conversely, for both men and women and regardless of BMI category, LTPA had significant impacts on baseline HRQL, as well as the rate of change in HRQL. Individuals who were inactive or sedentary had much steeper declines in HRQL as they aged, as compared with individuals who were active in their leisure time.
Conclusions:
The results underscore the importance of LTPA in shaping trajectories of HRQL.
Changes in Perceptions of the Near-Home Walking Environment Among US Adults—2015 and 2020 National Health Interview Survey
Graycie W. Soto, Geoffrey P. Whitfield, Akimi Smith, David Berrigan, and Janet E. Fulton
Physical activity is an important health behavior with immediate and long-term health benefits. 1 Promoting walking is a key public health strategy to improve population health through physical activity because it is an accessible way for most people to become active, is the most common form of
Towards a Social Epidemiological Perspective on Physical Activity and Health: The Aims, Design, and Methods of the Physical Activity Longitudinal Study (PALS)
Cora Lynn Craig, Lise Gauvin, Sue Cragg, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Thomas Stephens, Storm J. Russell, Lloyd Bentz, and Louise Potvin
Background:
The health benefits of physical activity are substantial; however, the lifetime and environmental determinants of sedentary living are poorly understood. The purpose of this article is to outline the conceptual background and methods of the Physical Activity Longitudinal Study (PALS), a follow-up study of a population- and place-based cohort. A secondary purpose is to report on the success of follow-up procedures.
Methods:
A rationale for conducting a 20-y follow-up of a nationally representative population- and place-based cohort is developed based on the extant literature dealing with socio-environmental determinants of health and on current advancements in thinking about the determinants of involvement in physical activity. Then, methods of the 2002-04 PALS (n = 2511, nonresponse = 29.8%) that began with the 1981 Canada Fitness Survey are described. Descriptive data pertaining to the success of follow-up procedures are outlined.
Results:
There is general consensus around the relevance of examining lifetime and environmental determinants of physical activity involvement. Longitudinal data represent one source of information for disentangling the relative importance of these determinants. Examination of PALS follow-up data show that there was no selection bias for key individual- (physical activity, other lifestyle, health) and area-level (median income, housing) variables, although fewer respondents than nonrespondents smoked or were underweight at baseline. Some demographic groups were under- or over-represented among the eligible cohort, but not among participants.
Conclusions:
The social epidemiological perspective emerging from PALS should help policymakers and public health practitioners make strides in changing socio-environmental factors to curb sedentary lifestyles and promote population health.
Inequality in Physical Activity in Organized Group Settings for Children: A Cross-Sectional Study
Ann E. Rogers, Christopher S. Wichman, Michaela A. Schenkelberg, and David A. Dzewaltowski
Health Organization PA guidelines. 1 , 4 – 6 Improving population health PA outcomes for children requires an understanding of the community systems in which they live, learn, grow, and play. Communities can be characterized as “wellness landscapes” of behavior settings, defined as the geospatially and
