The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of depleted self-control strength on skill-based sports task performance. Sixty-two participants completed the following: a baseline dart-tossing task (20 tosses), with measures of accuracy, reaction time, and myoelectrical activity of the arms taken throughout; a self-control depletion (experimental) or a nondepletion (control) manipulation; and a second round of dart tossing. As hypothesized, participants in the experimental condition had poorer mean accuracy at Round 2 than control condition participants, and a significant decline in accuracy from Round 1 to Round 2. Experimental condition participants also demonstrated poorer consistency in accuracy compared with control condition participants at Round 2 and a significant deterioration in consistency from Round 1 to Round 2. In addition, consistency in reaction time improved significantly for the control group but not for the experimental group. The results of this study provide evidence that ego depletion effects occur in the performance of a skill-based sports task.
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The Effects of Depleted Self-Control Strength on Skill-Based Task Performance
Desmond McEwan, Kathleen A. Martin Ginis, and Steven R. Bray
The “10 Mentality”: A Longitudinal Case Study of Self-Control Strength in Two Competitive Recurve Archers
Roy David Samuel, Guy Matzkin, Saar Gal, and Chris Englert
, to complete his supervised applied training with the national team (under the first author’s supervision). The fourth author is an expert in the domain of self-control in sports and guided the intervention and study design. In this case study, we initially conducted a needs analysis concerning the
The Temporal Ordering of Motivation and Self-Control: A Cross-Lagged Effects Model
Gro Jordalen, Pierre-Nicolas Lemyre, Natalie Durand-Bush, and Andreas Ivarsson
regulate behaviors and control thoughts, emotions, attention, and cognitive impulses is important to successfully reach long-term goals ( Baumeister & Vohs, 2016b ; Englert, 2016 , 2017 ). This self-control strength will likely help athletes in their strenuous physical and mental exercises, as it makes
Executive Functions, Trait Self-Control, and the Intention–Behavior Gap in Physical Activity Behavior
Ines Pfeffer and Tilo Strobach
impact of trait self-control, executive functions, and their interactions on the intention–behavior gap in the context of physical activity. Trait Self-Control and Physical Activity Behavior Although motivation to carry out a goal-directed behavior is important, the ability to translate this motivation
How Coaches See Conscientiousness-Related Traits and Their Impact on Athletes’ Training and Expertise Development
Rafael A. B. Tedesqui and Bradley W. Young
’s behaviors to reach personal goals ( McCrae & Löckenhoff, 2010 ); self-control —the ability to control thoughts and emotions, and resist temptations ( Tangney, Baumeister, & Boone, 2004 ); and grit —the tendency to pursue long-term goals with perseverance and passion ( Duckworth, Peterson, Matthews
Exploring the Neurophysiological Effects of Self-Controlled Practice in Motor Skill Learning
Amber M. Leiker, Anupriya Pathania, Matthew W. Miller, and Keith R. Lohse
studies have shown increased learning that is concurrent to increased intrinsic motivation, often using a language adapted version the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (or IMI; Deci, Eghrari, Patrick, & Leone, 1994 ). For instance, Post, Aiken, Laughlin, and Fairbrother ( 2016 ) found that self-control
Directing Attention Externally and Self-Controlled Practice Have Similar Effects on Motor Skill Performance
Ayoub Asadi, Alireza Farsi, Behrouz Abdoli, Esmaeel Saemi, and Jared M. Porter
is the topic of self-controlled practice. Adopting the method of self-controlled practice is a strategy in which the learner has some control over one or more practice variables ( Sanli, Patterson, Bray, & Lee, 2013 ). For example, if an individual is performing a new exercise, the instructor may
No Improvement on the Learning of Golf Putting By Older Persons With Self-Controlled Knowledge of Performance
Marcelo Eduardo de Souza Nunes, Umberto Cesar Correa, Marina Gusman Thomazi Xavier de Souza, Luciano Basso, Daniel Boari Coelho, and Suely Santos
of the questions historically asked by researchers seeking to understand motor learning and performance ( Chen & Singer, 1992 ; Magill & Anderson, 2012 ; Schmidt & Lee, 2011 ). In recent years, these questions have been investigated mainly in terms of a contemporary perspective named “self-controlled
Introducing Sport Psychology Interventions: Self-Control Implications
Tracey Devonport, Andrew Lane, and Christopher L. Fullerton
Evidence from sequential-task studies demonstrate that if the first task requires self-control, then performance on the second task is compromised (Hagger, Wood, Stiff, & Chatzisarantis, 2010). In a novel extension of previous sequential-task research, the first self-control task in the current study was a sport psychology intervention, paradoxically proposed to be associated with improved performance. Eighteen participants (9 males, 9 females; mean age = 21.6 years, SD = 1.6), none of whom had previously performed the experimental task or motor imagery, were randomly assigned to an imagery condition or a control condition. After the collection of pretest data, participants completed the same 5-week physical training program designed to enhance swimming tumble-turn performance. Results indicated that performance improved significantly among participants from both conditions with no significant intervention effect. Hence, in contrast to expected findings from application of the imagery literature, there was no additive effect after an intervention. We suggest practitioners should be cognisant of the potential effects of sequential tasks, and future research is needed to investigate this line of research.
Self-Control Self-Regulation, and Doping in Sport: A Test of the Strength-Energy Model
Derwin K. C. Chan, Vanessa Lentillon-Kaestner, James A. Dimmock, Robert J. Donovan, David A. Keatley, Sarah J. Hardcastle, and Martin S. Hagger
We applied the strength-energy model of self-control to understand the relationship between self-control and young athletes’ behavioral responses to taking illegal performance-enhancing substances, or “doping.” Measures of trait self-control, attitude and intention toward doping, intention toward, and adherence to, doping-avoidant behaviors, and the prevention of unintended doping behaviors were administered to 410 young Australian athletes. Participants also completed a “lollipop” decision-making protocol that simulated avoidance of unintended doping. Hierarchical linear multiple regression analyses revealed that self-control was negatively associated with doping attitude and intention, and positively associated with the intention and adherence to doping-avoidant behaviors, and refusal to take or eat the unfamiliar candy offered in the “lollipop” protocol. Consistent with the strength-energy model, athletes with low self-control were more likely to have heightened attitude and intention toward doping, and reduced intention, behavioral adherence, and awareness of doping avoidance.
