( Malinauskas, 2010 ). Also, social safeness has been negatively associated with several psychopathological indicators, such as external shame (e.g., Marta-Simões, Ferreira, & Mendes, 2017 ) and self-criticism (e.g., Kelly, Zuroff, Leybman, & Gilbert, 2012 ). Shame is a universal emotion that arises in the
Search Results
Compassionate Coach and Psychological Quality of Life in Portuguese Athletes: Effect of Mediating Variables
Sara Oliveira, Marina Cunha, António Rosado, and Cláudia Ferreira
Applying Self-Compassion in Sport: An Intervention With Women Athletes
Amber D. Mosewich, Peter R.E. Crocker, Kent C. Kowalski, and Anita DeLongis
This study investigated the effects of a self-compassion intervention on negative cognitive states and selfcompassion in varsity women athletes. Athletes who self-identified as being self-critical were randomly assigned to a self-compassion intervention (n = 29) or attention control group (n = 22). The self-compassion intervention consisted of a psychoeducation session and writing components completed over a 7-day period. Measures of self-compassion, state self-criticism, state rumination, and concern over mistakes were collected pretreatment, at 1 week posttreatment, and at a 4-week follow-up. A mixed factorial MANOVA with follow-up post hoc tests demonstrated moderate-to-strong effects for the intervention at posttest and follow-up (Wilks’s Λ = .566, F (8, 42) = 4.03, p < .01, η2 = .43). The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the self-compassion intervention in managing self-criticism, rumination, and concern over mistakes. Fostering a self-compassionate frame of mind is a potential coping resource for women athletes dealing with negative events in sport.
Conceptualizing Maladaptive Sport Perfectionism as a Function of Gender
Mark H. Anshel and Toto Sutarso
The purpose of the present study was to conceptualize maladaptive forms of sport perfectionism by determining the factors (and items within each factor) that best describe this construct among skilled male and female athletes. The sample consisted of 217 undergraduate student athletes ranging in age from 19 to 33 years. A theory-driven four-factor, 18-item Likert-type scale, called the Sport Perfectionism Inventory (SPI), was generated for this study. The factors, each reflecting maladaptive perfectionism to an excessive degree, included the following: concern over mistakes (CM), self-criticism (SC), personal standards (PS), and negative feedback (NF). Results showed that the items were generalizable for both genders, and all correlations between factors in the scale were significant. It was concluded that these dimensions depicted maladaptive sport perfectionism as a function of gender.
“Know That You’re Not Just Settling”: Exploring Women Athletes’ Self-Compassion, Sport Performance Perceptions, and Well-Being Around Important Competitive Events
Margo E.K. Adam, Abimbola O. Eke, and Leah J. Ferguson
Athlete-identified important competitive events can have more meaning to athletes than a “typical” competition. Sport-related pressures and expectations that arise due to a competition being perceived as important can lead to increased self-criticism, arousal, and stress for athletes, as well as
Exploring the Relationship Between Mental Toughness and Self-Compassion in the Context of Sport Injury
Karissa L. Johnson, Danielle L. Cormier, Kent C. Kowalski, and Amber D. Mosewich
-being, 18 evidence suggests that some athletes fear that self-compassion will lead to passivity and limit their competitive edge. 11 Many of these same athletes often believe that self-criticism (ie, being hard on oneself) leads to goal attainment. 11 While athletes have identified the value self-criticism
Exploring Self-Compassion and Versions of Masculinity in Men Athletes
Nathan A. Reis, Kent C. Kowalski, Amber D. Mosewich, and Leah J. Ferguson
behaviors (e.g., fear of negative evaluation, fear of self-compassion, fear of failure, state rumination, concern over mistakes, state self-criticism, shame, negative affect, and passivity), as well as positively related to psychological well-being and constructive reactions (e.g., positivity, perseverance
The Scientific Method, Modernism, and Postmodernism Revisited: A Response to Bouffard (2001)
Roy J. Shephard
This paper offers a brief response to the article of Bouffard (2001), which in itself was a reaction to two earlier papers published by the present author (Shephard, 1998, 1999). Bouffard makes a vigorous attack on his perceptions of my observations concerning the use of jargon, the primacy of the scientific method, and postmodernism. Unfortunately, his perceptions of my arguments are not always substantiated by a careful reading of the text. Many of the world’s social ills are rashly attributed uniquely to rationalism. No viable alternatives to the scientific method are suggested, and self-criticism of the postmodern approach is less than optimal. Nevertheless, the paper is to be welcomed, both as a challenge to continuing perfection of evidence-based science and as providing an insight into the thinking of those who espouse the postmodernist philosophy.
The Mediating Role of Self-Compassion on the Relationship Between Goal Orientation and Sport-Confidence
Arash Assar, Robert Weinberg, Rose Marie Ward, and Robin S. Vealey
associate with harsh self-criticism (low self-compassion; Adams et al., 2021 ; Mosewich, 2020 ) and reduced confidence ( Hill & Shaw, 2013 ). Taken together, the extent to which task- and ego-oriented athletes engage in social comparison to determine perceptions of competence and success (i.e., self- vs
A Test of Perfectionistic Vulnerability Following Competitive Failure Among College Athletes
Thomas Curran and Andrew P. Hill
showing that self-oriented perfectionism is positively correlated with self-criticism focused on self-correction rather than self-punishment ( Thompson & Zuroff, 2004 ). One implication of this is that, in the absence of increasing shame, increasing guilt may prompt restorative action devoid of self
Self-Compassion and the Self-Regulation of Exercise: Reactions to Recalled Exercise Setbacks
Brittany N. Semenchuk, Shaelyn M. Strachan, and Michelle Fortier
; Mosewich et al., 2011 ). Self-compassionate people should accurately perceive their goal progress, without self-criticism ( Terry & Leary, 2011 ). This tendency affords them the emotional safety to engage in effective self-monitoring and problem-solving related to goal pursuit ( Neff et al., 2005
