identified as a potential barrier. Stigma Stigma has been defined as existing in two forms: public and self-stigma ( Corrigan, 2004 ). Public stigma is an external form of stigma referring to the belief that society deems an individual possessing certain traits or behaviors as socially unacceptable or
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Robert C. Hilliard, Lorenzo A. Redmond, and Jack C. Watson II
Matthew D. Bird, Graig M. Chow, Gily Meir, and Jaison Freeman
well-being of college athletes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate stigma and the attitudes that student-athletes hold toward OC and face-to-face counseling (F2F). More specifically, we aimed to identify differences in stigmatization by others, self-stigma, and attitudes toward both
Matthew D. Bird, Eadie E. Simons, and Patricia C. Jackman
. That is, as an individual recognizes public stigma, they begin to create their own view of others (e.g., personal stigma), which, if internalized, will lead to self-stigma ( Corrigan, Watson, & Barr, 2006 ). Personal stigma toward those with a mental health issue predicts stigma toward seeking mental
Shelby J. Martin and Timothy Anderson
, coupled with elevated stigma if one is only able to obtain such image through unhealthy weight/shape-control behaviors creates an unwinnable outcome that may deter help-seeking for EP even more. Indeed, self-stigma, as measured by Self-Stigma of Seeking Help Questionnaire was the strongest negative
Graig M. Chow, Matthew D. Bird, Nicole T. Gabana, Brandon T. Cooper, and Martin A. Swanbrow Becker
others) is an individual’s perception regarding stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination held by the public toward people with mental illness ( Corrigan, 2004 ). Self-stigma reflects the internalization of public stigma by incorporating others’ stereotypes and prejudices about people with mental
Rachel S. Wahto, Joshua K. Swift, and Jason L. Whipple
The purposes of this study were to (a) examine the relationships between public stigma, self-stigma, and mental health help-seeking attitudes in college studentathletes, and (b) test whether referral source would have an impact on student-athletes’ willingness to seek mental health help. Participating college student-athletes (n = 43) completed an online survey including measures of stigma (public and self), attitudes, and willingness to seek mental health help. The results indicated that public stigma and self-stigma predicted a significant proportion of variance in attitudes (66%) above and beyond gender and treatment-use history. In addition, student-athletes were more willing to seek help when referred by a family member compared with a coach (d = 0.89), a teammate (d = 1.05), or oneself (d = 1.28). The results have important implications for helping student-athletes seek mental health help when there is a need.
Jonathan Magee, Ramón Spaaij, and Ruth Jeanes
This paper builds on the concept of mental health recovery to critically examine three football projects in the United Kingdom and their effects on the recovery process. Drawing on qualitative research on the lived experiences of mental health clients and service providers across the three projects, we explore the role of football in relation to three components of recovery: engagement, stigma, and social isolation. The findings indicate how the projects facilitated increased client engagement, peer supports, and the transformation of self-stigma. The perception of football as an alternative setting away from the clinical environment was an important factor in this regard. Yet, the results also reveal major limitations, including the narrow, individualistic conceptualization of both recovery and stigma within the projects, the reliance on a biomedical model of mental illness, and the potentially adverse consequences of using football in mental health interventions.
Nathan A. Reis, Kent C. Kowalski, Amber D. Mosewich, and Leah J. Ferguson
promising findings in studies with these samples of men suggest that self-compassion is negatively related to a variety of destructive emotions and behaviors, including shame, self-stigma to help-seeking, and rumination, whereas it is positively related to self-esteem ( Reid, Temko, Moghaddam, & Fong, 2014
George B. Cunningham, Erin Buzuvis, and Chris Mosier
stigma consciousness was reliably associated with avoidance behaviors. Self-stigma is also relevant among transgender athletes, as they are aware of the stereotypes and various forms of discrimination aimed at them (see Caudwell, 2014 ; Jones, Arcelus, Bouman, & Haycraft, 2017 ). As a result, some
Tom Webb, Paul Gorczynski, Shakiba Oftadeh-Moghadam, and Laura Grubb
well as interventions to address poor mental health; (b) strategies to address stigma, be it public or self-stigma; and (c) intentions to seek support ( Gorczynski et al., 2019 ). Recent mental health literature in sport has shown that mental health literacy plays an important role in helping
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