identified as a potential barrier. Stigma Stigma has been defined as existing in two forms: public and self-stigma ( Corrigan, 2004 ). Public stigma is an external form of stigma referring to the belief that society deems an individual possessing certain traits or behaviors as socially unacceptable or
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The Relationships Among Self-Compassion, Stigma, and Attitudes Toward Counseling in Student-Athletes
Robert C. Hilliard, Lorenzo A. Redmond, and Jack C. Watson II
Student-Athlete and Student Non-Athletes’ Stigma and Attitudes Toward Seeking Online and Face-to-Face Counseling
Matthew D. Bird, Graig M. Chow, Gily Meir, and Jaison Freeman
well-being of college athletes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate stigma and the attitudes that student-athletes hold toward OC and face-to-face counseling (F2F). More specifically, we aimed to identify differences in stigmatization by others, self-stigma, and attitudes toward both
Mental Toughness, Sport-Related Well-Being, and Mental Health Stigma Among National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Student-Athletes
Matthew D. Bird, Eadie E. Simons, and Patricia C. Jackman
. That is, as an individual recognizes public stigma, they begin to create their own view of others (e.g., personal stigma), which, if internalized, will lead to self-stigma ( Corrigan, Watson, & Barr, 2006 ). Personal stigma toward those with a mental health issue predicts stigma toward seeking mental
Help-Seeking for Eating Pathology Among Collegiate Athletes: Examining Stigma and Perfectionism as Moderating and Mediating Mechanisms
Shelby J. Martin and Timothy Anderson
, coupled with elevated stigma if one is only able to obtain such image through unhealthy weight/shape-control behaviors creates an unwinnable outcome that may deter help-seeking for EP even more. Indeed, self-stigma, as measured by Self-Stigma of Seeking Help Questionnaire was the strongest negative
A Program to Reduce Stigma Toward Mental Illness and Promote Mental Health Literacy and Help-Seeking in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Student-Athletes
Graig M. Chow, Matthew D. Bird, Nicole T. Gabana, Brandon T. Cooper, and Martin A. Swanbrow Becker
others) is an individual’s perception regarding stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination held by the public toward people with mental illness ( Corrigan, 2004 ). Self-stigma reflects the internalization of public stigma by incorporating others’ stereotypes and prejudices about people with mental
The Role of Stigma and Referral Source in Predicting College Student-Athletes’ Attitudes Toward Psychological Help-Seeking
Rachel S. Wahto, Joshua K. Swift, and Jason L. Whipple
The purposes of this study were to (a) examine the relationships between public stigma, self-stigma, and mental health help-seeking attitudes in college studentathletes, and (b) test whether referral source would have an impact on student-athletes’ willingness to seek mental health help. Participating college student-athletes (n = 43) completed an online survey including measures of stigma (public and self), attitudes, and willingness to seek mental health help. The results indicated that public stigma and self-stigma predicted a significant proportion of variance in attitudes (66%) above and beyond gender and treatment-use history. In addition, student-athletes were more willing to seek help when referred by a family member compared with a coach (d = 0.89), a teammate (d = 1.05), or oneself (d = 1.28). The results have important implications for helping student-athletes seek mental health help when there is a need.
“It’s Recovery United for Me”: Promises and Pitfalls of Football as Part of Mental Health Recovery
Jonathan Magee, Ramón Spaaij, and Ruth Jeanes
This paper builds on the concept of mental health recovery to critically examine three football projects in the United Kingdom and their effects on the recovery process. Drawing on qualitative research on the lived experiences of mental health clients and service providers across the three projects, we explore the role of football in relation to three components of recovery: engagement, stigma, and social isolation. The findings indicate how the projects facilitated increased client engagement, peer supports, and the transformation of self-stigma. The perception of football as an alternative setting away from the clinical environment was an important factor in this regard. Yet, the results also reveal major limitations, including the narrow, individualistic conceptualization of both recovery and stigma within the projects, the reliance on a biomedical model of mental illness, and the potentially adverse consequences of using football in mental health interventions.
Exploring Self-Compassion and Versions of Masculinity in Men Athletes
Nathan A. Reis, Kent C. Kowalski, Amber D. Mosewich, and Leah J. Ferguson
promising findings in studies with these samples of men suggest that self-compassion is negatively related to a variety of destructive emotions and behaviors, including shame, self-stigma to help-seeking, and rumination, whereas it is positively related to self-esteem ( Reid, Temko, Moghaddam, & Fong, 2014
Mental Health Literacy Intervention to Reduce Stigma Toward Mental Health Symptoms and Disorders in Women Rugby Players: A Feasibility Study
Shakiba Oftadeh-Moghadam, Neil Weston, and Paul Gorczynski
the removal of their contract altogether ( Bauman, 2016 ). Athletes may even mask their insecurities due to the constant pressures of performing to a high standard ( Breslin et al., 2019 ). Public and self-stigma have also been reported to act as barriers to help-seeking among athletes ( Bauman, 2016
Burnout, Help Seeking, and Perceptions of Psychological Safety and Stigma Among National Collegiate Athletic Association Coaches
Julie M. Slowiak, Rebecca R. Osborne, Jordyn Thomas, and Adna Haasan
stigma as a reason ( Mental Health Million Project, 2021 ). Within the literature, researchers have made the distinction between two dimensions of stigma—self and public—and have examined their influence on help-seeking attitudes (e.g., Pattyn et al., 2014 ). Self -stigma represents the endorsement or
