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duration. Treadmill training is a common intervention to improve gait dysfunction in individuals with PD. When walking on a treadmill, individuals with PD display increased stride length, increased cadence, and reduced gait variability compared with overground walking at the same velocity ( Bello, Sanchez

frequently used exercise tests in exercise physiology and sport science. 5 The traditional and frequently used protocol to measure VO 2 max is the graded exercise test (GXT) performed as a fixed incremental stepwise test to exhaustion, typically performed on a motorized treadmill. 6 However, this

, some experiments have modified existing treadmills either by attaching discrete obstacles or even by creating a continuous balance beam using a set of narrow blocks. 13 , 14 However, discrete perturbations on a treadmill do not allow for measurements of steady-state dynamics and are not suitable for

.2) Weekly distance, km 41.2 (15.6) Self-selected running speed, km/h 10.4 (1.2) Note: Values are expressed as mean (SD) except as indicated in first row. Study Procedures Participants performed a single testing session of treadmill running on a dual-belt instrumented treadmill (AMTI, Watertown, MA). A

Charge HR 2, ActiGraph, and Apple Watch devices would underestimate the number of steps ambulated while performing various tasks (e.g., walking with hands fixed on a stroller, shopping cart, and the front rails of a treadmill as well as walking while holding multiple grocery bags and carrying a baby doll

may thus also affect the control of frontal plane motion. 7 However, it is unknown how frontal plane gait mechanics change when the speeds of each leg are manipulated independently rather than simultaneously. Split-belt treadmill walking is a rehabilitation intervention that allows researchers to

-Rhyming cycle ergometer protocol, YMCA cycle protocol, and Modified Bruce treadmill protocol—rely heavily on heart rate responses to exercise to predict fitness ( Pescatello et al., 2014 ). Because it is well-established that obese women have altered heart rate responses to exercise ( Ciolac & Greve, 2011 ), it

observed increases in cardiometabolic responses ( Protas, Stanley, Jankovic, & MacNeill, 1996 ; Stanley, Protas, & Jankovic, 1999 ). To improve cardiorespiratory fitness and gait dysfunction, aerobic exercise on a motorized treadmill has been shown to be an effective intervention in those diagnosed with

properties of treadmill surfaces have not been previously reported, and the only regulation concerning this type of surface, the European Standard EN 957-6+A1 (ie,  Stationary Training Equipment—Part 6: Treadmills, Additional Specific Safety Requirements and Test Methods ), provides no recommendation or

specific in relation to real-life fall risk during ambulation, there are some advantages of treadmill-based training paradigms. The treadmill is relatively portable in comparison to the complex laboratory setting of an overground walkway and can be easily translated into rehabilitation clinics. Furthermore