work with Afghan girls. The two research questions guiding this project are: What are international female staff and volunteers’ experiences of working for a nongovernmental organization (NGO) in Afghanistan? and How were their experiences influenced by formal and informal (sport) management strategies
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The Gendered Experiences of Women Staff and Volunteers in Sport for Development Organizations: The Case of Transmigrant Workers of Skateistan
Holly Thorpe and Megan Chawansky
Volunteer Motivations at a National Special Olympics Event
Selina Khoo and Rich Engelhorn
Understanding the motivations for people to volunteer with the management and execution of major sporting events is important for the recruitment and retention of the volunteers. This research investigated volunteer motivations at the first National Special Olympics held in Ames, Iowa, USA in July 2006. A total of 289 participants completed the 28 item Special Event Volunteer Motivation Scale. The top motivations related to the purposive incentives of wanting to help make the event a success and to do something good for the community. Factor analysis revealed a five-factor model, with the altruistic factor (purposive) being the most important. A MANCOVA was also used to compare subjects using both gender and experience as independent variables. Small but significant differences in motivation were observed.
The Psychological Contract of Volunteer Youth Sport Coaches
Alanna Harman and Alison Doherty
This study examined the psychological contract of volunteer youth sport coaches to determine the content, variation, and influences to its development. Interviews were conducted with 22 volunteer coaches of team sports, representing different levels of play (recreational, competitive), coaching tenure (novice, experienced), and gender (female, male), who were sampled to account for the potential variation based on these demographic factors. The findings revealed that volunteer coaches possessed both transactional and relational expectations of themselves and their club. Coaches’ most frequently cited expectations of themselves were technical expertise (transactional), and leadership (relational), while their most frequently cited expectations of the club were fundamental resources and club administration (transactional), and coach support (relational). Variation was found by different levels of play (recreational, competitive) and coaching tenure (novice, experienced). The coaches’ psychological contract was shaped predominately by sources external to the club. Implications for managing the psychological contract of volunteer youth sport coaches and directions for future research are discussed.
The Causal Effect of Voluntary Roles in Sport on Subjective Well-Being in European Countries
Pamela Wicker and Paul Downward
In Western societies, volunteers represent the fundamental basis for sport systems and organized sport in the form of sport clubs and sport events ( Breuer, Hoekman, Nagel, & van der Werff, 2015 ; Hallmann & Petry, 2013 ). Organized sport requires volunteers to survive and to flourish ( Ringuet
Organizational Identity Development in Sport Volunteers
Christine E. Wegner, Bradley J. Baker, and Gareth J. Jones
Volunteers are integral to the functioning of sport events and organizations and have become a key area of sport management scholarship ( Wicker, 2017 ). Community sport organizations (CSOs) represent an important area for research since they are often reliant on volunteers to operate ( Schoenberg
The Volunteer Experience in a Para-Sport Event: An Autoethnography
Erik L. Lachance and Milena M. Parent
Volunteers have been recognized as indispensable resources for the survival and success of sport events ( Bang & Chelladurai, 2009 ). To date, current research on volunteers in sport events has examined the volunteer experience in relation to constructs, which include, but is not limited to
Gender and Volunteering at the Special Olympics: Interrelationships Among Motivations, Commitment, and Social Capital
Kirstin Hallmann, Anita Zehrer, Sheranne Fairley, and Lea Rossi
The Special Olympics is a recognized sport movement for persons with intellectual impairments. This movement provides services that include participation in a health program, a family program, the scientific academy, and volunteering ( Special Olympics Germany, 2017a ). National Summer and Winter
Increasing Human Capital of Coaches—An Investigation Into Individual and Organizational Factors
Christoph Breuer, Svenja Feiler, and Lea Rossi
of different alternative actions, the one that promises the greatest benefit-to-cost ratio is selected. Accordingly, the opportunity costs are included in the overall consideration. Rational choice theory has been previously employed in the context of volunteers in sports organizations to explain
Sport Volunteerism and Social Capital
Jean Harvey, Maurice Lévesque, and Peter Donnelly
This study focuses on the relationship between sport volunteerism and social capital, defined here as a resource that stems from participation in certain social networks. A position generator and a resources generator were used to measure the social capital of respondents. Results from this pilot study survey, exploring several aspects of volunteerism in sport in two Canadian communities (one in Québec, the other in Ontario), show a strong relationship between volunteerism in sport and social capital but do not allow a precise measure of the direction of this relationship. Results also show stronger relationships between sport volunteerism and social capital when we control for gender, language, and age.
Mega Sport Event Volunteers: Understanding the Role of Space in Social Capital Development at the PyeongChang Winter Olympic Games
Alex C. Gang, Juha Yoon, Juho Park, Sang Keon Yoo, and Paul M. Pedersen
al., 2011 ). While sport events amass a variety of stakeholders, there has been a surge of scholarly interest in understanding and examining the antecedents and outcomes from the perspective of sport volunteers (e.g., Musick & Wilson, 2007 ). While extant studies have revealed findings related to
