The Effect of a Dietary Nitrate Supplementation in the Form of a Single Shot of Beetroot Juice on Static and Dynamic Apnea Performance

in International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
Matthew J. Barlow * , 1 , Antonis Elia * , 1 , Oliver M. Shannon * , 1 , Angeliki Zacharogianni * , 1 and Angelica Lodin-Sundstrom * , 2
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  • 1 Leeds Beckett University
  • 2 Mid Sweden University
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0300
Keywords:
breath-hold; ergogenic aid; free diving
In Print:
Volume 28: Issue 5
Pages:
497–501
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Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of acute nitrate (NO3−)-rich beetroot juice (BRJ) supplementation on peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate (HR), and pulmonary gas exchange during submaximal static and dynamic apnea. Methods: Nine (six males and three females) trained apneists (age: 39.6 ± 8.2 years, stature: 170.4 ± 11.5 cm, and body mass: 72.0 ± 11.5 kg) performed three submaximal static apneas at 60%, 70%, and 80% of the participant’s current reported personal best time, followed by three submaximal (∼75% or personal best distance) dynamic apneas following the consumption of either a 70-ml concentrated BRJ (7.7 mmol NO3−) or a NO3−-depleted placebo (PLA; 0.1 mmol NO3−) in double-blind randomized manner. HR and SpO2 were measured via fingertip pulse oximetry at the nadir, and online gas analysis was used to assess pulmonary oxygen uptake (V˙O2) during recovery following breath-holds. Results: There were no differences (p < .05) among conditions for HR (PLA = 59 ± 11 bpm and BRJ = 61 ± 12 bpm), SpO2 (PLA = 83% ± 14% and BRJ = 84% ±9%), or V˙O2 (PLA = 1.00 ± 0.22 L/min and BRJ = 0.97 ± 0.27 L/min). Conclusion: The consumption of 7.7 mmol of beetroot juice supplementation prior to a series of submaximal static and dynamic apneas did not induce a significant change in SpO2, HR, and V˙O2 when compared with placebo. Therefore, there is no apparent physiological response that may benefit free divers as a result of the supplementation.

Barlow, Elia, Shannon, and Zacharogianni are with the Institute for Sport Physical Activity and Leisure, Carnegie Faculty, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom. Lodin-Sundstrom is with the Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Dept. of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Harnosand, Sweden.

Address author correspondence to Matthew J. Barlow at Matthew.Barlow@LeedsBeckett.ac.uk.

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

Cover International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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