Are Genome-Wide Association Study Identified Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated With Sprint Athletic Status? A Replication Study With 3 Different Cohorts
in International Journal of Sports Physiology and PerformancePurpose: To replicate previous genome-wide association study identified sprint-related polymorphisms in 3 different cohorts of top-level sprinters and to further validate the obtained results in functional studies. Methods: A total of 240 Japanese, 290 Russians, and 593 Brazilians were evaluated in a case-control approach. Of these, 267 were top-level sprint/power athletes. In addition, the relationship between selected polymorphisms and muscle fiber composition was evaluated in 203 Japanese and 287 Finnish individuals. Results: The G allele of the rs3213537 polymorphism was overrepresented in Japanese (odds ratio [OR]: 2.07, P = .024) and Russian (OR: 1.93, P = .027) sprinters compared with endurance athletes and was associated with an increased proportion of fast-twitch muscle fibers in Japanese (P = .02) and Finnish (P = .041) individuals. A meta-analysis of the data from 4 athlete cohorts confirmed that the presence of the G/G genotype rather than the G/A+A/A genotypes increased the OR of being a sprinter compared with controls (OR: 1.49, P = .01), endurance athletes (OR: 1.79, P = .001), or controls + endurance athletes (OR: 1.58, P = .002). Furthermore, male sprinters with the G/G genotype were found to have significantly faster personal times in the 100-m dash than those with G/A+A/A genotypes (10.50 [0.26] vs 10.76 [0.31], P = .014). Conclusion: The rs3213537 polymorphism found in the CPNE5 gene was identified as a highly replicable variant associated with sprinting ability and the increased proportion of fast-twitch muscle fibers, in which the homozygous genotype for the major allele (ie, the G/G genotype) is preferable for performance.
Guilherme, Martins, and Lancha Junior are with the Laboratory of Applied Nutrition and Metabolism, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Semenova, Borisov, Kostryukova, Kulemin, Larin, and Generozov are with the Dept of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia. Semenova is also with the Dept of Biochemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia. Zempo is with the Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tokyoseiei College, Katsushika City, Tokyo, Japan. Miyamoto-Mikami, Kumagai, Ichinoseki-Sekine, Naito, and Fuku are with the Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan. Kumagai is also with the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan. Tobina is with the Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan. Shiose is with the Faculty of Education, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan. Kakigi is with the Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan. Tsuzuki is with the Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan. Ichinoseki-Sekine is also with the Faculty of Liberal Arts, Open University of Japan, Chiba, Japan. Kobayashi is with the Dept of General Medicine, Mito Medical Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan. Borisov is also with the Inst for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. Ahmetov is with the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia; the Dept of Physical Education, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia; the Sports Genetics Laboratory, St Petersburg Research Inst of Physical Culture, St Petersburg, Russia; and the Research Inst for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
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