Results From Spain’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth
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Background:
The first Active Healthy Kids Spanish Report Card aims to gather the most robust information about physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior of children and adolescents.
Methods:
A Research Working Group of experts on PA and sport sciences was convened. A comprehensive data search, based on a review of the literature, dissertations, gray literature, and experts’ nonpublished data, was conducted to identify the best sources to grade each indicator following the procedures and methodology outlined by the Active Healthy Kids Canada Report Card model.
Results:
Overall PA (based on objective and self-reported methods) was graded as D-, Organized Sports Participation as B, Active Play as C+, Active Transportation as C, Sedentary Behavior as D, School as C, and Family and Peers as Incomplete, Community and the Built Environment as Incomplete, and Government as Incomplete.
Conclusions:
Spanish children and adolescents showed low levels of adherence to PA and sedentary behavior guidelines, especially females and adolescents. There is a need to achieve consensus and harmonize methods to evaluate PA and sedentary behavior to monitor changes over time and to evaluate the effectiveness of policies to promote PA.
Roman-Viñas is with the Dept of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, FPCEE Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull; the Nutrition Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII). Marin and Vicente are with GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development), Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza. Sánchez-López is with the Social and Health Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain; and the Faculty of Education, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain. Aznar is with the PAFS Research group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Madrid, Spain. Leis is with the CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); and the Pediatric Nutrition Research Group—IDIS—Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Aparicio-Ugarriza is with the ImFINE Research Group, Dept of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, INEF, Technical University of Madrid. Schroder is with the Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); and CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain. Ortiz-Moncada is with the Food and Nutrition Research Group, Dept of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine, and Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, Spain. González-Gross is with the CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); and the ImFINE Research Group, Dept of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, INEF, Technical University of Madrid. Serra-Majem is with the Nutrition Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); and the Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Roman-Viñas (dietmed@fin.pcb.ub.es) is corresponding author.
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